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| + | {{Infobox |
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| − | {{Disclaimer|This article covers ongoing legislation. The content is subject to change based on new developments.}} |
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| + | | image = Achillean Flag.svg |
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| − | {{Infobox legislation |
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| − | | |
+ | | caption = The flag commonly associated with achillean. |
| − | | |
+ | | term = [[Sexual orientation]] |
| + | | spectrum = |
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| − | | caption = Top row, from left: Senator Shevrin Jones, first openly LGBTQ+ person elected to Florida Senate; Representative Carlos Guillermo Smith, FL's first openly LGBTQ+ Latino legislator; Representative Michele Rayner, first openly queer black woman elected to FL's legislature. Below: the paragraph in CS/CS/HB 1557 that led to the "Don't Say Gay or Trans" nickname. |
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| − | | |
+ | | gender = *Any |
| + | | attracted = * Men |
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| − | | type = *State law {{C|Parental Rights in Education}} |
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| + | * Men-aligned |
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| − | *Bills in 2023 |
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| + | | attractedtype = Any |
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| − | | location = Florida |
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| + | | different = [[Gay men]] |
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| − | | purpose = *Prevent "classroom instruction" about [[gender identity]] or [[sexual orientation]] for certain grades and any not "age-appropriate" for older grades |
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| − | *Reinforce parental control over what children learn or access in public schools and what school services they receive |
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| − | *Increase ability of parents and residents to object to materials in school libraries and classrooms |
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| − | | status = |
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| − | | legislature = Florida Legislature |
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| − | | introduction = |
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| − | | outcome = *CS/CS/HB 1557 Parental Rights in Education signed into law on March 28, 2022 |
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| − | *Further bills introduced in 2023 |
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| − | | began = |
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| − | | ended = |
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| − | | support = |
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| − | | oppose = |
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| − | | related = *[https://www.myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Bills/billsdetail.aspx?BillId=70313 Parents' Bill of Rights] {{C|2021}} |
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| − | *[https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Bill/2021/1028 Fairness in Women's Sports Act] {{C|2021}} |
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| − | *[https://www.myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Bills/billsdetail.aspx?BillId=76481 K-12 Education] {{C|2022}} |
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}} |
}} |
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| + | '''Achillean''' refers to anyone who is attracted to other men and man-aligned people.{{#tag:ref|{{Man-aligned}}|group = note}} This describes all [[sexual orientation]]s in which one is attracted to men or man-aligned people, serving as an [[umbrella term]] for people who are [[gay]], [[pansexual]], [[bisexual]], [[queer]], or other sexualities in which anyone identifying as those orientations may be attracted to men and man-aligned people. |
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| − | TW: homophobia. InFlorida, '''"Don't Say Gay"''' (aka '''"Don't Say Gay or Trans"''') is the nickname originally given to '''Parental Rights in Education''', anti-[[LGBTQIA+]] legislation passed by the Florida Legislature in 2022, and to subsequent education bills that would expand upon it. Parental Rights in Education was said to "reinforce the fundamental right of parents to make decisions regarding upbringing & control of their children" and enable them to take legal action against school districts. Of particular concern to the LGBTQIA+ community and its [[Ally|allies]] are the requirements regarding parental notification and consent related to services for children's health and well-being, and Paragraph 3, which states: "Classroom instruction by school personnel or third parties on [[sexual orientation]] or [[gender identity]] may not occur in kindergarten through grade 3 or in a manner that is not age-appropriate or developmentally appropriate for students in accordance with state standards." |
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| + | ==Etymology== |
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| − | Supporters claim Parental Rights in Education only places restrictions on kindergarten through grade 3; that paragraph 3 prohibits sexual instruction and discussion of sexual activity in kindergarten through grade 3; and that it does not target LGBTQ+ people. Senator Dennis Baxley, {{C|R-Sumter and parts of Lake and Marion, district 12}},{{#tag:ref |Next to the legislators' names, '''R''' indicates '''R'''epublican party and '''D''' indicates '''D'''emocratic party. After the dash, the names are the county or counties (in whole or in part) represented, followed by the district number at the time of the legislation. Some media reports put the legislator's city of residence rather than the county or counties represented; for instance, Joe Harding was often listed as "R-Williston", Williston being his city of residence, but he actually represented part of Marion County and all of Levy County, of which Williston is a city and Bronson is the county seat. |group=note}} who introduced and sponsored SB 1834 in the Senate, made clear that the bill focused on "values" regarding sexual orientation and gender identity, citing his personal concerns that too many students are coming out. Representative Joe Harding {{C|R-Levy and part of Marion, district 22}} and several co-sponsors moved HB 1557 through the House of Representatives, and it was the version that ultimately advanced to become law. Only amendments by the bill's sponsors passed, while all 24 amendments attempted by other representatives and senators to change or clarify the bill's language failed. |
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| + | The term "achillean" refers to the Greek hero [[Wikipedia:Achilles|Achilles]]. Its 21st century use to describe sexualities is modelled after the term "[[sapphic]]", which is used to describe anyone who is attracted to women.<ref name="UWM: Glossary">{{Cite_web|url=https://uwm.edu/lgbtrc/support/glossary-of-terms|title=Glossary of Terms|author=[https://uwm.edu/lgbtrc Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer Plus (LGBTQ+) Resource Center]|archivedate=20211118184540}}</ref> |
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| + | ==Community== |
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| + | === History === |
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| − | Parental Rights in Education was passed by the House of Representatives on February 24 and the Senate on March 8, 2022. On March 28, 2022, Governor Ron DeSantis signed it into law during a press conference at a charter school. DeSantis has an anti-LGBTQ+ record and uses hateful language, particularly [[Transphobia|anti-trans]] arguments, in his support of the measure. After DeSantis' press secretary made accusations that only "groomers" and supporters of grooming children would object to what she called an "anti-grooming bill", other parties adopted her language and directed it against opponents. The governor likewise describes Parental Rights in Education as stopping schools from "injecting woke gender ideology" into classrooms and protecting young children from being "sexualized". |
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| + | Achilles himself is a famous figure in Greek mythology. In relation to sexuality, Achilles had a relationship with another character, [[Wikipedia:Patroclus|Patroclus]], that is said to have romantic connotations. In [[Wikipedia:Homer|Homer']]s ''[[Wikipedia:Iliad|Iliad]]'', in which their relationship plays a crucial part in the story, Achilles described Patroclus as being the "man I loved beyond all other comrades, loved as my own life." After Homer's iteration, the relationship between the two men was depicted as a love affair.<ref name="Who Was Achilles?">{{Cite_web|url=https://blog.britishmuseum.org/who-was-achilles|title=Who was Achilles?|work=[https://blog.britishmuseum.org/who-was-achilles The British Museum Blog]}}</ref> |
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| + | [[Wikipedia:Theocritus|Theocritus']] ''Idyll'' XXIX, a love poem from a man to a boy, includes a phrase addressing their future: ''"ἀλλάλοισι πελώμεθ' Ἀχιλλέιοι φίλοι"'' (''alláloisi pelómeth' Achilléioi fíloi''). It has received loose poetic translations from the [[Wikipedia:Aeolic Greek|Aeolic Greek]] dialect into English, such as "we'll be Achilles and his friend,"<ref name="Theocritus: Edmonds">{{Cite_print|author=Translated by J. M. Edmonds|titlepart=Idyll XXIX|title=The Greek Bucolic Poets|publisher=The Loeb Classical Library|date=1912|url=https://www.theoi.com/Text/TheocritusIdylls5.html#29}}</ref> "we may be to one another as Achilles and his friend" with the meaning noted as "such friends as were Achilles and Patroclus,"<ref name="Theocritus: Gow">{{Cite_print|author=Translated by A. S. F. Gow|titlepart=Idyll XXIX|title=Theocritus|publisher=Cambridge University Press|date=1950}}</ref> and "be friends to each other like Achilles and Patroclus;" however, the literal translation is "be Achillean friends to each other."<ref name="Theocritus: Hopkinson">{{Cite_print|author=Translated by Neil Hopkinson|titlepart=Idyll XXIX|title=Theocritus, Moschus, Bion|publisher=Harvard University Press|date=2015|ISBN=9780674996441|url=https://www.loebclassics.com/view/theocritus-poems_i-xxx/2015/pb_LCL028.399.xml}} The full lines containing the phrase are translated and annotated by Hopkinson as: "You should think of this and be pleasanter toward me, and love me as guilelessly as I love you, so that when you are a man<sup>''(Lit. "when you have a manly cheek," i.e. a beard.)''</sup> we may be friends to each other like Achilles and Patroclus.<sup>''(Lit., "be Achillean friends to each other.")''</sup>"</ref> |
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| − | Florida's 2023 legislative session has several bills further targeting the LGBTQIA+ community in education, including HB 1069: Education, HB 1223: Public PreK-12 Educational Institution and Instruction Requirements, and SB 1320: Child Protection in Public Schools. |
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| + | The word "Achillean" has historically been used to describe all things relating to the aforementioned Achilles. An early use of the term in English to describe sexuality was in [[Wikipedia:John Addington Symonds|John Addington Symonds']]s 1883 book ''A Problem in Greek Ethics'' (chapters III and X). Symonds (1840 – 1893), an English author and advocate of male love, spoke about the "''Achilleian'' friendship" as an ideal of manly love, devoid of effeminacy, emphasizing that the love between [[Wikipedia:Achilles and Patroclus|Achilles and Patroclus]] had, as its most important aspects, loyalty and mutual goodwill. The "''Achilleian'' friendship", which for him was synonymous with Greek heroism and [[Wikipedia:Greek love|Greek love]] (heroic male-male love), would have ended with the defeat of the hitherto invincible [[Wikipedia:Sacred Band of Thebes|Sacred Band of Thebes]], which was composed of 150 pairs of male lovers, against the army of [[Wikipedia:Philip II of Macedon|Philip II of Macedon.]] However, Philip's young son and heir [[Wikipedia:Alexander the Great|Alexander the Great]] sought to revive it when he and his lover [[Wikipedia:Hephaestion|Hephaestion]] ran naked around the joint tomb of Achilles and Patroclus in Troy to honor their heroes:<ref name="Symonds">{{Cite_print|title=A Problem in Greek Ethics|author=Symonds, John Addington|date=1883}}</ref> |
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| − | ==Background== |
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| + | <blockquote>"At [[Wikipedia:Battle of Chaeronea (338 BC)|Chaeronea]], Greek liberty, Greek heroism, and Greek love, properly so-called, expired. It is not unworthy of notice that the son of the conqueror, young Alexander, endeavoured to revive the tradition of Achilleian friendship. [...] Homer was his invariable companion upon his marches; in the Troad he paid special honour to the tomb of Achilles, running naked races round the barrow in honour of the hero [...]. The historians of his life relate that, while he was indifferent to women, he was madly given to the love of males. This the story of his sorrow for Hephaistion sufficiently confirms."<ref name="Symonds" /></blockquote> |
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| − | ===History of bill sponsors=== |
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| + | See also A.C. Hamilton's 1959 article titled, "Spenser's Treatment of Myth": |
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| − | Senator Dennis Baxley {{C|R-Sumter and parts of Lake and Marion, district 12}}, who introduced Parental Rights in Education as Senate Bill 1834, has a history of sponsoring and supporting anti-[[LGBTQIA+]] legislation while opposing legislation that promotes LGBTQ+ rights. He was first elected to the state legislature in 2000.{{#tag:ref |From 2000 to 2007, Dennis Baxley served three full terms and a partial fourth term as the representative for district 24, then a full term for district 24 from 2010 to 2012, which was his last for district 24 due to term limits on representing a specific district. After the House of Representatives districts were redrawn in 2012, he served two terms representing the new district 23 from 2012 to 2016. He was elected as senator for district 12 in 2016 and re-elected in 2020. After the Senate districts were redrawn in 2022, he was elected to the new district 13, now covering Lake County and part of Orange County. |group=note}} |
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| + | <blockquote>"Guyon subdues these Achillean affections through his own power; but they break out again as Cymochles lapses into lust and Pyrochles burns in the idle lake."<ref>{{Cite print|author=A. C. Hamilton|title=Spenser's Treatment of Myth|publisher=The Johns Hopkins University Press|number=Published in ELH, Vol. 26, No. 3|date=September, 1959|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2871792?origin=crossref}}</ref></blockquote> |
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| + | ===Flag=== |
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| + | [[File:Achillean Flag.svg|thumb|left|250px|A simple version of the achillean flag, designed by DeviantArt user Pride-Flags.]] |
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| + | In ancient Rome and 19th century England, green indicated gay affiliations. Victorian men would often pin a green carnation on their lapel, as popularized by author Oscar Wilde.<ref name="Shakespeare">{{Cite web |url=https://www.shakespeare.org.uk/explore-shakespeare/blogs/the-fairest-flowers-o-the-season-are-the-carnations-illustrations-of-carnations-in-rare-and-early-printed-books/ |title=The Fairest Flowers |archivedate=20211214175818}}</ref> |
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| + | The first iteration of the achillean flag was created by Tumblr user pridenpositivity in 2016.<ref>[https://archive.is/hIjCa Archived Tumblr post announcing the achillean flag.]</ref> This this version was later redesigned by DeviantArt user Pride-Flags on October 5, 2016.<ref>[https://www.deviantart.com/pride-flags/art/Achillean-638170749 DeviantArt post with the current achillean flag.]</ref> |
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| − | As a member of the House of Representatives in 2015, Baxley apologized and changed his vote after initially supporting an adoption bill that included an official repeal of a ban on adoption by same-sex couples; his prior vote was a "mistake" and he changed it to oppose. He claimed on a talk show, "I don't want to discriminate on somebody. I'm not phobic, but I simply can't affirm homosexuality." He further said that what he originally saw as a great adoption bill "had really become the gay bill, and at that point it was an affirmation of homosexuality for which many of us under our biblical teachings simply can't be there."<ref name="FL Pol: Can't affirm">{{Cite_web |url=https://floridapolitics.com/archives/15426-dennis-baxley-on-why-he-reversed-his-vote-on-gay-adoption-i-simply-cant-affirm-homosexuality |title=Dennis Baxley on gay adoption reversal: 'I simply can't affirm homosexuality' |author=Perry, Mitch |date=2015-04-01 |archivedate=20220228045244 |work=[https://floridapolitics.com Florida Politics]}}</ref> Baxley supported the 2016 "Pastor Protection Act" allowing religious organizations to refuse involvement in weddings that violate their religious beliefs and argued, "There is a persecuted class here. There is a discrimination. There is a war, a battle, an assault going on, on the traditional family. […] If there's anybody under assault and discrimination, I'll tell you who it is: It's anyone who holds a biblical world view. We're called haters."<ref name="DBNJ 2016">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.news-journalonline.com/story/news/2016/03/02/florida-house-oks-bill-saying-churches-dont-have-to-wed-gays/30753435007 |title=House bill: Churches don't have to wed gays |author=Farrington, Brendan (Associated Press) |date=2016-03-02 |work=[https://www.news-journalonline.com The Daytona Beach News-Journal] |archivedate=20220228050708}}</ref> |
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| + | ===Distinction=== |
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| − | In the 2020 legislative session, Senator Baxley sponsored the failed SB 1864: Vulnerable Child Protection Act that would have criminalized health care providers who provide gender affirming services to minors.<ref name="SB 1864">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Bill/2020/1864 |title=SB 1864: Vulnerable Child Protection Act |work=[https://www.flsenate.gov The Florida Senate]}}</ref> In 2021, he opposed a bill that would have banned the use of the "panic defense" to justify a defendant's assault of someone else based on "panic" over their perceived gay or transgender status. In his opposition, Baxley said, "It's pretty much a position that, you know, if you're the transgender or gay person, then you have special protections and rights, and if you don't, you're not. I'm just for equal rights for everybody, you know, liberty and justice for all — and not special groups get special treatments."<ref name="FL Pol: Panic">{{Cite_web |url=https://floridapolitics.com/archives/416045-confusion-around-lgbtq-panic-defense-bill-stirs-senate-committee |title=Confusion around LGBTQ panic defense bill stirs Senate committee |author=[https://floridapolitics.com/archives/author/khayes Hayes, Kelly] |date=2021-03-30 |archivedate=20220228051512 |work=[https://floridapolitics.com Florida Politics]}}</ref> On the 2021 Transgender Day of Visibility, Baxley argued in favor of the bill that became the "Fairness in Women's Sports Act" to ban [[transgender]] girls and women from playing sports in alignment with their [[gender identity]]. In support of the bill, he said, "You can't make the facts move for someone. I can stand out here in the garage all day, convinced that I am an automobile. But, it doesn't make me an automobile. At the end of the day, it gives me a very confused life."<ref name="WUSF">{{Cite_web |url=https://wusfnews.wusf.usf.edu/politics-issues/2021-03-31/transgender-athlete-restrictions-move-forward-in-florida-senate |title=Transgender Athlete Restrictions Move Forward In Florida Senate |author=Kam, Dara (News Service of Florida) |date=2021-03-31 |work=[https://wusfnews.wusf.usf.edu WUSF Public Media] |archivedate=20210414152141}}</ref> Baxley was elected to the Senate again in 2022 and serves as the Senate Pro Tempore for the 2022-24 term. |
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| + | ====Gay==== |
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| − | |||
| + | {{Main|Gay}} |
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| − | Representative Joe Harding {{C|R-Levy and part of Marion, district 22}}, who sponsored the House of Representatives version of Parental Rights in Education (HB 1557),<ref name="HB 1557">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Bills/billsdetail.aspx?BillId=76545 |title=CS/CS/HB 1557 - Parental Rights in Education |work=[https://www.myfloridahouse.gov Florida House of Representatives]}}</ref> was previously a co-sponsor of the anti-trans "Fairness in Women's Sports Act".<ref name="HB 1475">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Bills/billsdetail.aspx?BillId=72710 |title=CS/HB 1475 (2021) - Sex-specific Student Athletic Teams or Sports |work=[https://www.myfloridahouse.gov Florida House of Representatives]}}</ref> He also co-sponsored the previous Parents' Bill of Rights,<ref name="HB 241">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Bills/billsdetail.aspx?BillId=70313 |title=HB 241 (2021) - Parents' Bill of Rights |work=[https://www.myfloridahouse.gov Florida House of Representatives]}}</ref> which drew objections and concerns from LGBTQIA+ advocates that it could potentially require schools to break student/counselor confidentiality and "out" children to their parents. Lakey Love{{#tag:ref |Lakey Love's pronouns are they/them and they are non-binary. They have been repeatedly misgendered in media reports. |group=note}} of the Florida Coalition for Trans Liberation said of that bill: "This is a direct attack on transgender and gender-nonconforming Floridians, and the LGBTQ youth in particular."<ref name="FL Pol: Bill of Rights">{{Cite_web |url=https://floridapolitics.com/archives/414219-parents-bill-of-rights-wins-senate-education-seal-of-approval |title='Parents' bill of rights' wins Senate Education Committee seal of approval |author=Ogles, Jacob |date=2021-03-23 |archivedate=20220203090315 |work=[https://floridapolitics.com Florida Politics]}}</ref> Joe Harding was elected to the re-drawn district 24, but resigned on December 9, 2022 due to his federal indictment alleging wire fraud, money laundering, and making false statements to obtain over $150,000 in COVID-19-related small business loans from the Small Business Administration.<ref name="FL Pol: Harding resigns">{{Cite_web |url=https://floridapolitics.com/archives/575265-joe-harding-resigns-after-wire-fraud-money-laundering-indictment |title=Joe Harding, lawmaker who sponsored 'Don't Say Gay' law, resigns after Covid relief fraud indictment |author=[https://floridapolitics.com/archives/author/peterdschorsch Schorsch, Peter] |date=2022-12-09 |archivedate=20230130130820 |work=[https://floridapolitics.com Florida Politics]}}</ref> |
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| + | The word "achillean" is often confused for the term [[gay]] or is wrongly perceived to have the same meaning. However, gay describes a sexuality with attraction exclusively to people of the same gender. Achillean encompasses all men who are attracted to other men, including men who are also attracted to other genders in addition to men, such as men who may be bisexual, pansexual, queer, or other sexualities.<ref name="UWM: Glossary" /> |
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| − | ===The DeSantis administration=== |
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| − | {{Quote |This money would have helped LGBTQ+ youth facing homelessness, bullying, isolation from their families, physical and sexual abuse, and drug abuse. We were planning to expand our housing capacity from 11 to 35 beds for homeless youth and were honored for the support of so many of our state legislators. Now we're unsure where the money will come from. |speaker=Heather Wilkie, Executive Director of the Zebra Coalition, on the funds vetoed by Governor DeSantis |source=[https://eqfl.org/press-release-lgbtq-groups-blast-governor-desantis-stripping-all-funding-lgbtq-programs-state Equality Florida press release]}} |
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| − | In 2020, Florida Governor Ron DeSantis vetoed US$50,000 from the state budget that would have gone to the LGBT+ Center Orlando for its Orlando United Assistance Center, which provides counseling and other services to survivors of the [[Pulse tragedy]] on June 12, 2016. In 2021, DeSantis signed the anti-trans sports act on June 1, followed by a June 2 veto of US$900,000 from the state budget that would have supported LGBTQIA+ people. The veto again affected The LGBT+ Center Orlando's services for Pulse survivors, which would have received US$150,000. US$750,000 would have been allocated to the Zebra Coalition to convert part of a former motel into housing for up to 35 homeless LGBTQ+ youth.<ref name="OS: Veto">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.orlandosentinel.com/politics/os-ne-gov-ron-desantis-vetoes-pulse-counseling-fund-lgbtq-homeless-housing-20210602-fnuf5hpylbdyfhsyoyvb2f4jh4-story.html |title=Advocates call DeSantis' veto of Pulse counseling, homeless youth shelter 'war on LGBTQ+ Floridians' |author=Santich, Kate |date=2021-06-02 |work=[https://www.orlandosentinel.com Orlando Sentinel]|archivedate=20220320091522}}</ref> The timing of the 2021 signing and vetoes, which occurred on the first days of [[Pride]] month and shortly before the fifth anniversary of the events at Pulse, was criticized locally<ref name="OS: Veto" /><ref name="EQFL: DeSantis">{{Cite_web |url=https://eqfl.org/press-release-lgbtq-groups-blast-governor-desantis-stripping-all-funding-lgbtq-programs-state |title=LGBTQ Groups Blast Governor DeSantis for Stripping ALL funding for LGBTQ Programs from State Budget |date=2021-06-21 |work=[https://eqfl.org Equality Florida] |archivedate=20220320095545}}</ref><ref name="Orlando Weekly: Florida Governor">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/florida-gov-ron-desantis-vetoes-money-for-mental-health-counseling-for-pulse-shooting-survivors/Content?oid=29424340 |title=Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis vetoes money for mental health counseling for Pulse shooting survivors |author=Galbraith, Alex |date=2021-06-02 |work=[https://www.orlandoweekly.com Orlando Weekly] |archivedate=20220305112304}}</ref><ref name="Watermark: DeSantis vetoes">{{Cite_web |url=https://watermarkonline.com/2021/06/02/desantis-vetoes-funding-for-pulse-survivors-lgbtq-youth-housing-in-state-budget |title=DeSantis vetoes funding for Pulse survivors, LGBTQ youth housing in state budget |author=Williams, Jeremy |date=2021-06-02 |work=[https://watermarkonline.com Watermark] |archivedate=20220224203858}}</ref> and nationally.<ref name="The Hill: Vetoes">{{Cite_web |url=https://thehill.com/changing-america/respect/diversity-inclusion/556703-florida-gov-desantis-vetoes-mental-health |title=Florida Gov DeSantis vetoes mental health funding for Pulse shooting survivors |author=Kelley, Alexandra |date=2021-06-03 |work=[https://thehill.com The Hill] |archivedate=20220131081314}}</ref><ref name="Newsweek: Vetoes">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.newsweek.com/pulse-survivor-questions-timing-ron-desantis-vetoes-why-lgbtq-isnt-represented-staff-its-1597298 |title=Pulse Survivor Questions Timing of Ron DeSantis Vetoes, Why LGBTQ Isn't Represented on Staff: 'It's Shameful' |author=Fung, Katherine |date=2021-06-03 |work=[https://www.newsweek.com Newsweek] |archivedate=20220320101429}}</ref><ref name="them: Florida Governor">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.them.us/story/florida-governor-vetoes-mental-health-funding-pulse-survivors |title=Florida Governor Vetoes Mental Health Funding for Pulse Survivors on Second Day of Pride Month |author=Lang, Nico |date=2021-06-03 |work=[[https://www.them.us them.]] |archivedate=20220320091340}}</ref> DeSantis' press secretary, Christina Pushaw, said the governor has been a "champion on mental health since day one", citing his approval of increased mental health funding in general, and said the characterization of his vetoes as an attack on Florida's LGBTQ+ community was "patently false".<ref name="OS: Veto" /> |
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| − | An anti-bullying portal on Florida's Department of Education (DOE) website was created under the 2018 Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School Public Safety Act. Among other topics, the portal included a page addressing the bullying of LGBTQIA+ youth. However, the DOE removed the portal in December 2021 after a right-leaning online publication sparked a content review.<ref name="FL Pol: Anti-bullying">{{Cite_web |url=https://floridapolitics.com/archives/477905-anti-bullying-page-including-pro-lgbtq-links-removed-from-education-department-website |title=Anti-bullying page, including pro-LGBTQ links, removed from Education Department website |author=[https://floridapolitics.com/archives/author/renzo Downey, Renzo] |date=2021-12-06 |archivedate=20220225223511 |work=[https://floridapolitics.com Florida Politics]}}</ref> Florida Agriculture Commissioner Nikki Fried subsequently announced that LGBTQIA+ resources would be hosted on the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services website.<ref name="FL Phoenix: Info gap">{{Cite_web |url=https://floridaphoenix.com/2021/12/21/fl-dept-of-ed-removed-lgbtq-resources-from-website-nikki-fried-fills-info-gap |title=Dept. of Ed removed LGBTQ resources from website; Nikki Fried fills info gap |author=Brown, Danielle J. |date=2021-12-23 |archivedate=20220111152412 |work=[https://floridaphoenix.com Florida Phoenix]}}</ref> |
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| − | On June 2, 2022, DeSantis again vetoed funding for the Zebra Coalition's homeless LGBTQ+ youth housing program; legislators had approved $500,000. That summer, Florida's Surgeon General Joseph Ladapo set the Department of Health on its course against providing gender-affirming care to minors and recommending against social transition.<ref name="FL Pol: Veto">{{Cite_web |url=https://floridapolitics.com/archives/529533-veto-list-500k-in-orlando-lgbtq-plus-funding-zapped-from-budget |title=Veto list: $500K in Orlando LGBTQ-plus funding zapped from budget |author=[https://floridapolitics.com/archives/author/christinesexton Sexton, Christine Jordan] |date=2022-06-03 |archivedate=20220613092506 |work=[https://floridapolitics.com Florida Politics]}}</ref> |
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| − | ===Litigation of Florida laws=== |
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| − | A federal lawsuit has been filed against the anti-trans sports act officially titled "Fairness in Women's Sports Act", citing violations of privacy and Title IX. Under the act, trans men and boys may choose to play on men's or women's sports teams, but trans girls and women must play on men's teams.<ref name="FL Phoenix: Federal lawsuit">{{Cite_web |url=https://floridaphoenix.com/2021/07/06/federal-lawsuit-fls-trans-athlete-law-has-nothing-to-do-with-fairness-or-equality-for-girls-or-women-in-sports |title=Federal lawsuit: FL's trans athlete law 'has nothing to do with fairness or equality for girls or women in sports.' |author=Brown, Danielle J. |date=2021-07-06 |archivedate=20211221221442 |work=[https://floridaphoenix.com Florida Phoenix]}}</ref> |
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| − | A staff analysis of HB 1557 cited ongoing litigation in Leon County alleging that the school district withheld information from parents about their child's (social) gender [[transition]] at school<ref name="HB 1557: Analysis">{{Cite_web |url=https://myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Documents/loaddoc.aspx?FileName=h1557.EEC.DOCX&DocumentType=Analysis&BillNumber=1557&Session=2022 |title=House of Representatives Staff Analysis, Bill #: HB 1557 Parental Rights in Education |author=Wolff, Taylor |work=[https://www.myfloridahouse.gov Florida House of Representatives]}}</ref> in violation of the Parents' Bill of Rights, which was not in effect at the time of the alleged incidents. The mother,<ref name="TD: Lawsuit">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.tallahassee.com/story/news/2021/11/16/leon-county-schools-sued-over-lgbtq-guide-transgender-lgbtq-guide/6342695001 |title=Lawsuit against Leon Schools says district excluded parents from gender discussions |author=Goñi-Lessan, Ana |date=2021-11-16 |work=[https://www.tallahassee.com Tallahassee Democrat] |archivedate=20220228054851}}</ref> January Littlejohn,<ref name="FL Pol: Advances">{{Cite_web |url=https://floridapolitics.com/archives/488435-house-parental-rights-bill-advances-prohibiting-some-schoolhouse-discussions-of-lgbtq-issues |title=House parental rights bill advances prohibiting some schoolhouse discussions of LGBTQ issues |author=[https://floridapolitics.com/archives/author/geggis Geggis, Anne] |date=2022-01-20 |archivedate=20220225224148 |work=[https://floridapolitics.com Florida Politics]}}</ref> emailed a math teacher in August 2020; emails with the teacher are in the public record due to state laws. She said that the parents had found a counselor to address their child's gender identity. The child had been experiencing [[gender dysphoria]] starting spring 2020 and had since asked to use they/them [[pronoun]]s and another name. Littlejohn expressed in emails that the teacher could determine what was best and that she would let her child take the lead. However, the parents subsequently alleged that they did not give consent for the school to become involved; school officials maintain that a parent gave permission. The parents want the Leon County School District to change its LGBTQ guide and support forms and pay damages to them.<ref name="TD: Lawsuit" /> |
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| − | Littlejohn's lawsuit was filed by The Child & Parental Rights Campaign, which describes itself as "founded to respond to a radical new ideology overtaking families and threatening the well-being of children and the fundamental right of parents", in October 2021.<ref name="TD: Lawsuit" /> A federal judge dismissed the lawsuit in December 2022, stating that it raised "novel and complex issues of state law" that made it better suited for a state court rather than the federal court in which it was filed as well as not meeting the threshold of "shocking the conscience as defined by binding case law". The Child & Parental Rights Campaign said the parents plan to file an appeal in federal court. According to Superintendent Rocky Hanna, the dismissed lawsuit cost the school district and its taxpayers "thousands of dollars that otherwise would have gone to support the education of our children."<ref name="TD: Lawsuit 2">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.tallahassee.com/story/news/education/2023/01/17/federal-judge-dismisses-suit-against-leon-schools-over-lgbtq-guide/69805878007 |title=Judge dismisses lawsuit against Leon Schools that helped inspire 'Don't Say Gay' bill |author=Goñi-Lessan, Ana |date=2023-01-17 |work=[https://www.tallahassee.com Tallahassee Democrat] |archivedate=20230120085337}}</ref> |
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| − | The Child & Parental Rights Campaign also filed a federal lawsuit on January 24, 2022, on behalf of Wendell and Maria Perez against Clay County District Schools. The Perezes alleged that school officials concealed from them and did not ask for their consent before providing counseling to their 12-year-old child to address gender dysphoria. Allegedly, they were not told until after the child made the first of two suicide attempts at the school,<ref name="The Hill: Lawsuit">{{Cite_web |url=https://thehill.com/changing-america/respect/equality/592178-lawsuit-claims-gender-counseling-to-blame-for-childs |title=Lawsuit claims gender counseling to blame for child's suicide attempts |author=Migdon, Brooke |date=2022-01-31 |archivedate=20220228062921 |work=[https://thehill.com The Hill]}}</ref> an elementary school, that their child had been receiving counseling for a few months. The parents claimed in the media that the reason given by the school counselor for withholding information was "that they knew we as parents would not be in agreement because of our Catholic Christian beliefs". They alleged that the counselor told them their child had not wanted their involvement, knowing that they would not accept their child's name and pronoun changes due to their religious beliefs.<ref name="FCN: Lawsuit">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.firstcoastnews.com/article/news/education/parents-file-lawsuit-against-clay-county-schools-say-administrators-didnt-disclose-meetings-about-gender-identity-confusion-district-denies-claims/77-e2a135bd-ef65-4c35-999e-6b39ece496dd |title=Lawsuit claims Clay County Schools withheld information about child's well-being before student attempted suicide |author=Tracy, Kailey |date=2022-01-27 |work=[https://www.firstcoastnews.com First Coast News] |archiveurl=https://archive.fo/YcS3g}}</ref> The Perezes claimed that the counselor "groomed" their child to be another gender and that school officials and the counselor "precipitated a pattern of bullying" in referring to their child with male pronouns and a "fictitious" male name in front of other students.<ref name="The Hill: Lawsuit" /> The child received in-patient treatment from a behavioral health unit following the suicide attempts.<ref name="FCN: Lawsuit" /> |
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| − | Clay County District Schools gave a statement to First Coast News that they had not been served with any legal process and cannot comment on any pleadings filed. It also stated: "The district has performed a thorough and complete investigation into this matter as it was presented to us and has determined that the allegations made by this out-of-state organization are completely false, fabricated, and appear to be intended solely for the purpose of inciting the public." First Coast News linked the focus of the lawsuit with the focus of HB 1557.<ref name="FCN: Lawsuit" /> |
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| − | ==Parental Rights in Education== |
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| − | ===Overview=== |
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| − | {{Infobox legislation |
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| − | | name = Don't Say Gay (or Trans) |
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| − | | image = |
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| − | | caption = |
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| − | | official = Parental Rights in Education {{C|HB 1557/SB 1843}} |
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| − | | type = State law |
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| − | | location = Florida |
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| − | | purpose = *Reinforce parental upbringing and control of their children's health and well-being, what school services their children receive, and what their children learn in school |
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| − | *Prohibit all "classroom instruction" about [[gender identity]] or [[sexual orientation]] in kindergarten through grade 3 {{C|roughly 5 to 9 years old}} and any not "age-appropriate" for older grades |
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| − | *Give parents ability to sue school districts and receive damages |
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| − | | status = In effect |
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| − | | legislature = Florida Legislature |
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| − | | introduction = *SB 1834: January 7, 2022 by Senator Dennis Baxley |
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| − | *HB 1557: January 11, 2022 by Representative Joe Harding |
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| − | | outcome = Signed into law on March 28, 2022 |
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| − | | began = July 1, 2022 |
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| − | | ended = |
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| − | | support = |
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| − | | oppose = |
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| − | | related = |
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| − | }} |
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| − | {{Quote |We call it the "Don't Say Gay" bill because it prohibits classroom instruction on sexual orientation and gender identity. But members, this bill goes way beyond the text on the page. It sends a terrible message to our youth that there is something so wrong, so inappropriate, so dangerous about this topic that we have to censor it from classroom instruction. |speaker=Representative Carlos Guillermo Smith |source=addressing the Florida House of Representatives on February 24, 2022}} |
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| − | The sections and paragraphs of the state law officially named Parental Rights in Education are the following:<ref name="HB 1557: Enrolled">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Bill/2022/1557/BillText/er/PDF |title=CS/CS/HB 1557, Enrolled |date=2022-03-08 |format=PDF |work=[https://www.flsenate.gov Florida Senate]}}</ref> |
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| − | *'''Section 1:''' |
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| − | *#School districts must have procedures to notify parents of changes regarding their child's "mental, emotional, or physical health or well-being", which is not defined, and any services they are receiving at school. Personnel will be required to encourage children to discuss their own well-being with their parents or to help the student have that discussion. Districts cannot prohibit parental access to their children's health and education records,<ref name="HB 1557: Enrolled" /> which means no part of students' records can be kept confidential from their parents. |
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| − | *#School districts must not have procedures or use student support forms that prohibit personnel from notifying parents about changes regarding the topics in Paragraph 1; these are again not defined. The school district ''may'' decide to withhold information "if a reasonably prudent person" would be concerned that the child could be abused, abandoned, or neglected as a result of the disclosure.<ref name="HB 1557: Enrolled" /> |
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| − | *#Literally reads: "Classroom instruction by school personnel or third parties on sexual orientation or gender identity may not occur in kindergarten through grade 3 or in a manner that is not age-appropriate or developmentally appropriate for students in accordance with state standards." (The bill does not define what is considered classroom instruction, what is age-appropriate or developmentally appropriate before or after third grade, and does not specify the applicable state standards.)<ref name="HB 1557: Enrolled" /> |
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| − | *#Personnel training for school support services that a district develops or provides must adhere to Department of Education requirements.<ref name="HB 1557: Enrolled" /> |
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| − | *#At the beginning of the school year, parents must be notified by the schools of each healthcare service available so parents can withhold consent or decline any specific service for their child. Consent does not waive the confidentiality and notification requirements.<ref name="HB 1557: Enrolled" /> |
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| − | *#For students in kindergarten through grade 3, schools must provide copies of student well-being questionnaires or health screening forms to parents and get permission before administering them.<ref name="HB 1557: Enrolled" /> |
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| − | *#After a parent notifies a school district about their concerns regarding these topics, the school district has 7 days to notify the school's principal (or someone they designate) of the concerns and the process for resolving them. If the parent's concerns are not resolved within 30 days of notification, the school district must either resolve it or provide a statement of the reason why it is unresolved. If the concern is still not resolved, a parent may:<ref name="HB 1557: Enrolled" /> |
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| − | *##Ask the Commissioner of Education to appoint a special magistrate that the school district has to pay for. Within 30 days, the special magistrate will review the dispute and recommend a decision for the State Board of Education for approval or rejection between 7–30 days.<ref name="HB 1557: Enrolled" /> (This process is quicker than going to court.) |
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| − | *##Take the school district to court and potentially be awarded damages, attorney fees, and court costs.<ref name="HB 1557: Enrolled" /> |
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| − | *'''Section 2:''' The Department of Education has until June 30, 2023, to review and update standards and policies for school counselors, educators, and other student services personnel in accordance with this bill.<ref name="HB 1557: Enrolled" /> |
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| − | *'''Section 3:''' The effective date was July 1, 2022.<ref name="HB 1557: Enrolled" /> |
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| − | Section 1, Paragraph 3 has received the most attention and the heaviest criticism. In the original filings, it read: |
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| − | :"A school district may not encourage classroom discussion about sexual orientation or gender identity in primary grade levels or in a manner that is not age-appropriate or developmentally appropriate for students."<ref name="HB 1557: Original">{{Cite_web |url=https://myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Documents/loaddoc.aspx?FileName=_h1557__.docx&DocumentType=Bill&BillNumber=1557&Session=2022 |title=HB 1557 |date=2022-01-11 |format=PDF |work=[https://www.myfloridahouse.gov Florida House of Representatives]}}</ref><ref name="SB 1834: Original">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Bill/2022/1834/BillText/Filed/HTML |title=SB 1834 |date=2022-01-07 |work=[https://www.flsenate.gov The Florida Senate]}}</ref> |
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| − | Compare with the final enrolled version, <u>''emphasis added''</u> for changed text: |
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| − | :"Classroom <u>''instruction by school personnel or third parties on''</u> sexual orientation or gender identity <u>''may not occur in kindergarten through grade 3''</u> or in a manner that is not age-appropriate or developmentally appropriate for students <u>''in accordance with state standards''</u>."<ref name="HB 1557: Enrolled" /> |
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| − | Bill summaries are not added to the Florida Statutes. However, the portion of the bill summary dealing with this paragraph was originally: "prohibiting a school district from encouraging classroom discussion about sexual orientation or gender identity in primary grade levels or in a specified manner".<ref name="HB 1557: Original" /> It was changed to: "prohibiting classroom discussion about sexual orientation or gender identity in certain grade levels or in a specified manner".<ref name="HB 1557: Enrolled" /> |
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| − | ===Legislative process=== |
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| − | Florida Republicans reportedly worked with The Child & Parental Rights Campaign to craft the Parental Rights in Education bill.<ref name="TD: Lawsuit 2" /> In the Florida Senate, SB 1834 was filed on January 7, 2022 by sponsor Senator Dennis Baxley.<ref name="SB 1834">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Bill/2022/1834 |title=SB 1834: Parental Rights in Education |work=[https://www.flsenate.gov The Florida Senate]}}</ref> The identical HB 1557 was filed in the Florida House of Representatives on January 11, 2022 by Representative Joe Harding. It had the following co-sponsors: David Borrero {{C|R-parts of Broward, Collier, and Miami-Dade, district 105}}, Chris Latvala {{C|R-part of Pinellas, district 67}}, Randall Maggard {{C|R-part of Pasco, district 38}}, and John Synder {{C|R-parts of Martin and Palm Beach, district 82}}.<ref name="HB 1557" /> |
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| − | ====2022-01-20, House Education & Employment Committee==== |
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| − | {{Stub|section}} |
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| − | ====2022-02-08, Senate Education Committee==== |
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| − | During its hearing in the Senate Education Committee on February 8, Sen. Baxley argued that teachers are engaging in "social engineering" and attempting to "move agendas" rather than teaching basic skills. According to him, "I think when you start opening sexual type discussions with children, you're entering a very dangerous zone." One example given of what would violate the Senate bill was a hypothetical math problem that included two moms or two dads; Baxley called that example "exactly where the problem is". The bill was found favorable by the committee 6-3 on party lines.<ref name="FL Pol: Hateful">{{Cite_web |url=https://floridapolitics.com/archives/495035-white-house-denounces-dennis-baxleys-bill-on-lgbtq-discussions-in-the-classroom |title='Hateful': White House denounces Dennis Baxley's bill on LGBTQ discussions in the classroom |author=[https://floridapolitics.com/archives/author/khayes Hayes, Kelly] |date=2022-02-09 |archivedate=20220225223002 |work=[https://floridapolitics.com Florida Politics]}}</ref> |
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| − | ====2022-02-17, House Judiciary Committee==== |
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| − | On February 17, the House Judiciary Committee approved a committee substitute{{#tag:ref |A committee substitute is a bill that has changed from the original filing through the amendments process in committee hearings. |group=note}} 13-7 along party lines. During the hearing, Representative Harding argued that his bill was necessary because classrooms should focus on reading, math, and "the basics". He objected to the "Don't Say Gay" nicknaming of the bill because his bill does not specifically ban saying the word. Various proponents of the bill made anti-LGBTQ+ comments as reasons for supporting the bill. Rep. Mike Beltran {{C|R-part of Hillsborough, district 57}} argued that "these sorts of things" are not appropriate to discuss at school in third grade or younger but may be appropriate at home "if you're a same-sex household or your child may be LGBT or something like that". He specifically refused to believe that any children in third grade or younger has ever died by suicide or might do so if they had not learned about "these sorts of things". Rep. Scott Plakon {{C|R-part of Seminole, district 29}} argued on the subject of "a movement" supporting LGBTQIA+ people, "Is it ridiculous that parents would be concerned about this movement targeting their children? I don't think that's a ridiculous concern. And I don't think anybody could agree that parents shouldn't have the right to be concerned about that."<ref name="FL Pol: Trojan horse">{{Cite_web |url=https://floridapolitics.com/archives/498103-this-bill-is-a-trojan-horse-attempts-to-reorient-house-dont-say-gay-bill-toward-parental-rights-erupt-in-debate |title='This bill is a Trojan horse:' Attempts to reorient House 'Don't Say Gay' bill toward parental rights erupt in debate |author=[https://floridapolitics.com/archives/author/khayes Hayes, Kelly] |date=2022-02-17 |archivedate=20220225223316 |work=[https://floridapolitics.com Florida Politics]}}</ref> |
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| − | Representative Mike Grieco {{C|D-part of Miami-Dade, district 113}}, speaking in debate to oppose the bill, responded to the anti-LGBTQ+ remarks, "I am very concerned based upon some of the folks that I've heard from today, that there are certain areas in Florida that think that it is never age-appropriate to talk about gender identity or sexual orientation, regardless as to what arbitrary definition you place on those two terms." Rep. Fentrice Driskell {{C|D-part of Hillsborough, district 63}} noted, "Whatever you intended this bill to be, it is not that anymore. It's very clear that the proponents of this bill believe in anti-gay rhetoric. It's suppressive. I'm concerned even with the plain text of the bill; it has problems. We couldn't get a straight answer — pun intended — on the definition of sexual orientation."<ref name="FL Pol: Trojan horse" /> |
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| − | ====2022-02-22, House Special Order Calendar==== |
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| − | {{Quote| At what point do the rights of a parent end and do the rights of a child begin? When we develop policies that prioritize parental rights at all costs, including at the expense of our students and our kids, and their well-being, there are consequences. […] It lets folks sue the school if they think any conversation about LGBTQ people is not age appropriate. Listen, this is pandering to the lowest common denominator. This bill is a dream for trial lawyers. |speaker=Representative Carlos Guillermo Smith |source=addressing the Florida House of Representatives on February 22, 2022}} |
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| − | Prior to the third reading of the entire bill, multiple proposed amendments for CS/CS/HB 1557 were considered as part of the Special Order Calendar for February 22. The full House of Representatives convened to consider amendments, rather than the entire bill, within strict time limits for questions-and-answers and debate. The debate manager assigned to the "Pro" side was Rep. Michael Grant {{C|R-Charlotte, district 75}} and Rep. Matt Willhite {{C|D-part of Palm Beach, district 86}} for "Con".<ref name="Special Order Letter">{{Cite_web |url=https://myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Documents/loaddoc.aspx?PublicationType=Session&CommitteeId=&Session=2022&DocumentType=Special+Order+Letters&FileName=Special+order+letter+for+Tuesday%2c+February+22%2c+2022.pdf |title=Special order letter for Tuesday, February 22, 2022 |format=PDF |date=2022-02-17 |work=[https://www.myfloridahouse.gov Florida House of Representatives]}}</ref> Harding initially submitted, then withdrew prior to the session, an amendment that would have required schools to inform parents within six weeks if a child has come out to school personnel, regardless of any concerns about abuse, abandonment, or neglect. He denied that his amendment would have required outing students to their parents. In the session, he also claimed that the bill does not target any specific [[gender]] or [[sexual orientation]].<ref name="FL Pol: Slowly being erased">{{Cite_web |url=https://floridapolitics.com/archives/499425-slowly-being-erased-house-preps-for-vote-on-lgbtq-instruction-bill-without-controversial-amendment |title='Slowly being erased': House preps for vote on LGBTQ instruction bill without controversial amendment |author=[https://floridapolitics.com/archives/author/khayes Hayes, Kelly] |date=2022-02-22 |archivedate=20220225224615 |work=[https://floridapolitics.com Florida Politics]}}</ref> |
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| − | Amendments that were considered on the floor: |
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| − | !style="width: 10%" |ID |
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| − | !style="width: 40%" |Filed by |
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| − | | 01. 884605 || Rep. Kristen Arrington {{C|D-part of Osceola, district 43}} || Failed.<ref name="House Journal 2-22">{{Cite_web |url=https://myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Documents/loaddoc.aspx?PublicationType=Session&CommitteeId=&Session=2022&DocumentType=Journals&FileName=House+Journal+No.25%2c+February+22%2c+2022+(Tuesday).pdf |title=The Journal of the House of Representatives, Number 25 |format=PDF |date=2022-02-22 |work=[https://www.myfloridahouse.gov Florida House of Representatives]}}</ref> For paragraph 1, proposed inserting after current text ''"safe and supportive learning environment for the student"'' new text: "<u>regardless of their race, color, ethnicity, national origin, sex, gender, gender identity, sexual identity, or disability.</u>"<ref name="Amendment 884605">{{Cite_web |url=https://myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Documents/loaddoc.aspx?FileName=884605.docx&DocumentType=Amendments&BillNumber=1557&Session=2022 |title=Bill No. CS/CS/HB 1557 (2022): Amendment No. 884605 |format=PDF |date=2022-02-18 |work=[https://www.myfloridahouse.gov Florida House of Representatives]}}</ref> |
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| − | | 02. 784679 || Rep. Tracie Davis {{C|D-part of Duval, district 13}} || Failed.<ref name="House Journal 2-22" /> For paragraph 1, proposed adding at the end new text: "<u>This paragraph does not limit or alter any obligation of school district personnel to report suspected abuse, abandonment, or neglect, as those terms are defined in s. 39.01.</u>"<ref name="Amendment 784679">{{Cite_web |url=https://myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Documents/loaddoc.aspx?FileName=784679.docx&DocumentType=Amendments&BillNumber=1557&Session=2022 |title=Bill No. CS/CS/HB 1557 (2022): Amendment No. 784679 |format=PDF |date=2022-02-18 |work=[https://www.myfloridahouse.gov Florida House of Representatives]}}</ref> |
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| − | | 03. 178971 || Rep. Angela "Angie" Nixon {{C|D-part of Duval, district 14}} || Failed.<ref name="House Journal 2-22" /> For (sub)paragraph 2, insert after current text ''"This subparagraph does not prohibit a school district from adopting procedures that permit school personnel to withhold such information from a parent"'' and before current ''"reasonably prudent person"'' new text: "<u>if the information would out a LGBTQ+ student without that student's consent or a</u>".<ref name="Amendment 178971">{{Cite_web |url=https://myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Documents/loaddoc.aspx?FileName=178971.docx&DocumentType=Amendments&BillNumber=1557&Session=2022 |title=Bill No. CS/CS/HB 1557 (2022): Amendment No. 178971 |format=PDF |date=2022-02-18 |work=[https://www.myfloridahouse.gov Florida House of Representatives]}}</ref> |
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| − | | 04. 705429 || Rep. Michele Rayner {{C|D-parts of Hillsborough, Manatee, Pinellas, and Sarasota, district 70}} || Failed.<ref name="House Journal 2-22" /> Retain paragraphs 1, 2 and 4–7, but delete the entirety of paragraph 3 (the one about gender identity and sexual orientation).<ref name="Amendment 705429">{{Cite_web |url=https://myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Documents/loaddoc.aspx?FileName=705429.docx&DocumentType=Amendments&BillNumber=1557&Session=2022 |title=Bill No. CS/CS/HB 1557 (2022): Amendment No. 705429 |format=PDF |date=2022-02-18 |work=[https://www.myfloridahouse.gov Florida House of Representatives]}}</ref> |
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| − | | 05. 703365 || Rep. Carlos Guillermo Smith {{C|D-part of Orange, district 49}} || Failed.<ref name="House Journal 2-22" /> In paragraph 3, replace ''"sexual orientation or gender identity"'' with "<u>sexual activity</u>".<ref name="Amendment 703365">{{Cite_web |url=https://myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Documents/loaddoc.aspx?FileName=703365.docx&DocumentType=Amendments&BillNumber=1557&Session=2022 |title=Bill No. CS/CS/HB 1557 (2022): Amendment No. 703365 |format=PDF |date=2022-02-18 |work=[https://www.myfloridahouse.gov Florida House of Representatives]}}</ref> |
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| − | | 06. 600607 || Rep. Marie Woodson {{C|D-part of Broward, district 101}} || Failed.<ref name="House Journal 2-22" /> Add at the end of paragraph 3: "<u>This subparagraph does not apply to any discussion between a student who identifies as transgender, gender non-conforming, non-binary, or otherwise LGBTQ+ and their peers.</u>"<ref name="Amendment 600607">{{Cite_web |url=https://myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Documents/loaddoc.aspx?FileName=600607.docx&DocumentType=Amendments&BillNumber=1557&Session=2022 |title=Bill No. CS/CS/HB 1557 (2022): Amendment No. 600607 |format=PDF |date=2022-02-18 |work=[https://www.myfloridahouse.gov Florida House of Representatives]}}</ref> |
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| − | | 07. 634251 || Minority Leader Rep. Evan Jenne {{C|D-part of Broward, district 99}} || Failed.<ref name="House Journal 2-22" /> Delete paragraph 4 (about Department of Education) and renumber the rest accordingly<ref name="Amendment 634251">{{Cite_web |url=https://myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Documents/loaddoc.aspx?FileName=634251.docx&DocumentType=Amendments&BillNumber=1557&Session=2022 |title=Bill No. CS/CS/HB 1557 (2022): Amendment No. 634251 |format=PDF |date=2022-02-18 |work=[https://www.myfloridahouse.gov Florida House of Representatives]}}</ref> |
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| − | | 08. 870647 || Rep. Ben Diamond {{C|D-part of Pinellas, district 68}} || Failed.<ref name="House Journal 2-22" /> Delete paragraph 7 (giving parents increased ability to sue school district).<ref name="Amendment 870647">{{Cite_web |url=https://myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Documents/loaddoc.aspx?FileName=870647.docx&DocumentType=Amendments&BillNumber=1557&Session=2022 |title=Bill No. CS/CS/HB 1557 (2022): Amendment No. 870647 |format=PDF |date=2022-02-18 |work=[https://www.myfloridahouse.gov Florida House of Representatives]}}</ref> |
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| − | | 09. 722367 || Rep. Harding || Adopted.<ref name="House Journal 2-22" /> Expanded paragraph 7 with further details of making complaints and proceeding to lawsuits against school districts.<ref name="Amendment 722367">{{Cite_web |url=https://myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Documents/loaddoc.aspx?FileName=722367.docx&DocumentType=Amendments&BillNumber=1557&Session=2022 |title=Bill No. CS/CS/HB 1557 (2022): Amendment No. 722367 |format=PDF |date=2022-02-18 |work=[https://www.myfloridahouse.gov Florida House of Representatives]}}</ref> |
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| − | | 10. 194533 || Rep. Fentrice Driskell {{C|D-part of Hillsborough, district 63}} || Failed.<ref name="House Journal 2-22" /> Insert at the end of paragraph 7: "<u>A court shall award reasonable attorney fees and court costs to a school district that is found to have not violated this paragraph.</u>"<ref name="Amendment 194533">{{Cite_web |url=https://myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Documents/loaddoc.aspx?FileName=194533.docx&DocumentType=Amendments&BillNumber=1557&Session=2022 |title=Bill No. CS/CS/HB 1557 (2022): Amendment No. 194533 |format=PDF |date=2022-02-18 |work=[https://www.myfloridahouse.gov Florida House of Representatives]}}</ref> |
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| − | | 11. 275051 || Rep. Anna Eskamani {{C|D-part of Orange, district 47}} || Failed.<ref name="House Journal 2-22" /> Create paragraph 8 with the text: "<u>To ensure that parents and legal guardians know how to discuss sexual orientation and gender identity with their children, the Department of Education, in consultation with Parents, Families, and Friends of Lesbians and Gays (PFLAG) and Gay, Lesbian, and Straight Education Network (GLSEN), must create a pamphlet focused on providing parents and legal guardians with information on how to talk to their children about sexual orientation and gender identity. The pamphlet must contain contact information for local LGBTQ+ focused organizations that can help with such conversations. Each school district must annually provide the pamphlet to parents and legal guardians and prominently display such pamphlets in the front office of schools within the district.</u>"<ref name="Amendment 275051">{{Cite_web |url=https://myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Documents/loaddoc.aspx?FileName=275051.docx&DocumentType=Amendments&BillNumber=1557&Session=2022 |title=Bill No. CS/CS/HB 1557 (2022): Amendment No. 275051 |format=PDF |date=2022-02-18 |work=[https://www.myfloridahouse.gov Florida House of Representatives]}}</ref> |
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| − | | 12. 138729 || Rep. Eskamani || Failed.<ref name="House Journal 2-22" /> Create paragraph 8 with the text: "<u>A student whose school reveals their sexual orientation to the student's parent or guardian pursuant to this paragraph and causes irreparable harm to the student may bring an action against the Department of Education for injunctive relief. A court may award damages and shall award reasonable attorney fees and court costs to a student who receives injunctive relief.</u>"<ref name="Amendment 138729">{{Cite_web |url=https://myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Documents/loaddoc.aspx?FileName=138729.docx&DocumentType=Amendments&BillNumber=1557&Session=2022 |title=Bill No. CS/CS/HB 1557 (2022): Amendment No. 138729 |format=PDF |date=2022-02-18 |work=[https://www.myfloridahouse.gov Florida House of Representatives]}}</ref> |
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| − | ====2022-02-24, House of Representatives==== |
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| − | {{Quote |If it talks like a duck and walks like a duck, then it's a duck. That means you are homophobic, and you are transphobic [if you vote yes]. You deal with that how you may. |speaker=Representative Michele Rayner |source=addressing the Florida House of Representatives on February 24, 2022}} |
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| − | [[File:DontSayGay-Speech.png|thumb|right|300px|News conference in the Capitol on February 24. From left to right: Rep. Carlos Guillermo Smith of Orlando; Brandon Wolf, Equality Florida advocate and Pulse survivor; Rep. Fentrice Driskell of Tampa; and Rep. Michele Rayner of St. Petersburg]] |
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| − | On February 24, the bill had its third reading in the full House of Representatives. During debate on the bill, student pages (who are in middle school) were removed from the chamber. The absence of the student pages was criticized by Representative Grieco, who further noted that the bill does not limit the ban on discussing LGBTQIA+ people to kindergarten through third grade; school districts or parents could deem topics related to the community age-inappropriate at any time. He characterized members claiming that the bill has age limitations "either mistaken or they're flat out lying". Rep. Carlos Guillermo Smith {{C|D-part of Orange, district 49}}, who is the first gay Latino elected official in Florida's legislature, wore his Pride pin upside down to indicate his community is in distress.<ref name="FL Pol: Distress">{{Cite_web |url=https://floridapolitics.com/archives/500337-we-are-in-distress-house-passes-lgbtq-instruction-bill-despite-pleas-from-democrats |title='We are in distress': House passes LGBTQ instruction bill despite pleas from Democrats |author=[https://floridapolitics.com/archives/author/khayes Hayes, Kelly] |date=2022-02-24 |archivedate=20220225222231 |work=[https://floridapolitics.com Florida Politics]}}</ref> |
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| − | Anti-LGBTQ+ arguments were again made by bill supporters. Representative Juan Alfonso Fernandez-Barquin {{C|R-part of Miami-Dade, district 119}} claimed that young children are "being taught the radical leftist gender theory" and that parents know what is best. Rep. Erin Grall {{C|Indian River and part of St. Lucie, district 54}} equated school support forms regarding [[gender non-conforming]] students to hypothetical forms about "transitioning a child from one religion to another".<ref name="FL Pol: Distress" /> |
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| − | The House of Representatives voted 69-47 to pass the bill, with votes largely falling on party lines. It was supported by one Democratic representative, James Bush III {{C|D-Miami-Dade, district 109}}, and opposed by seven Republicans.<ref name="FL Pol: Distress" /> |
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| − | ====2022-02-29, Senate Appropriations Committee==== |
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| − | {{Quote |I have heard different members of the Legislature say something along the lines of, 'Parents know what's best for their kids.' When it comes to the queer community, that is not true. If parents know what's best for their kids, why did my best friend get kicked out of his house and have to live with me? |speaker=Will Larkins, president of the queer student union at Winter Park High School |source=public testimony to the Senate Appropriations Committee on February 28, 2022}} |
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| − | Senate President Wilton Simpson approved fast-tracking the House version of the bill to just one stop in the Senate Appropriations Committee rather than continuing with the Senate version through two more committees.<ref name="FL Pol: Weigh">{{Cite_web |url=https://floridapolitics.com/archives/501390-senate-panel-to-weigh-bill-to-limit-lgbtq-school-discussions |title=Senate panel to weigh bill limiting LGBTQ school discussions |author=[https://floridapolitics.com/archives/author/renzo Downey, Renzo] |date=2022-02-28 |archivedate=20220228203557 |work=[https://floridapolitics.com Florida Politics]}}</ref> The committee was made up of seven Democratic and thirteen Republican senators, one of which was bill introducer Senator Baxley.<ref name="FL Pol: It's not meant to be hateful">{{Cite_web |url=https://floridapolitics.com/archives/501615-its-not-meant-to-be-hateful-lgbtq-instruction-bill-advances-to-senate-floor |title='It's not meant to be hateful': LGBTQ instruction bill advances to Senate floor |author=[https://floridapolitics.com/archives/author/khayes Hayes, Kelly] |date=2022-02-28 |archivedate=20220228203402 |work=[https://floridapolitics.com Florida Politics]}}</ref> The committee found the bill favorable 12-8, with all seven Democrats and Senator Jeff Brandes {{C|R-part of Pinellas, district 24}} voting against the bill.<ref name="Senate: App: Vote">{{Cite_web| url=https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Bill/2022/1557/Vote/2022-02-28%201030AM~H01557%20Vote%20Record.PDF |title=Committee Vote Record: Appropriations: CS/CS/HB 1557, 1st Eng. |date=2022-02-28 |format=PDF |work=[https://www.flsenate.gov The Florida Senate]}}</ref> |
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| − | As Senator Jason Pizzo {{C|D-part of Miami-Dade, district 38}} probed Sen. Baxley regarding the legislative intent of the bill and what teachers could do in response to "spontaneous or reflexive" speech, such as someone putting "two mommies" or "two daddies" on their family tree, Baxley continually dodged and claimed his bill was about "instructional materials by the school system leading in a specific direction, not regular classroom discussion between classmates". Pizzo asked, "Final question, and I mean this with all due respect: Do you believe that a classroom teacher in kindergarten, first grade, second grade, or third grade can convert someone to being gay?" The chairperson, Sen. Kelli Stargel {{C|R-parts of Lake and Polk, district 22}}, said she did not believe that Pizzo's question was to the bill; he pushed back about the relevance of the bill sponsor's intent. Baxley did not answer the question, instead arguing about centering parental rights. When Pizzo attempted again to get a direct answer from Baxley regarding his beliefs and why the focus on particular ages, Stargel disallowed Pizzo's question and moved to the next senator.<ref name="FL Channel: 2-28">{{Cite_web |url=https://thefloridachannel.org/videos/2-28-22-senate-committee-on-appropriations-part-1 |title=2/28/22 Senate Committee on Appropriations Part 1 |date=2022-02-28 |work=[https://thefloridachannel.org The Florida Channel]}}</ref> |
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| − | Senator Lauren Book {{C|D-part of Broward, district 32}} held up a family tree assignment from when she taught kindergarten and asked Sen. Baxley multiple questions regarding it, such as whether it would count as instructional material and be permitted under the bill, if the bill would conflict with state social studies standards requiring discussions of a child's role in their family, and how he defined classroom discussion versus classroom instruction. Baxley gave vague answers that did not address her specific questions, and suggested it would prevent teachers "promoting certain worldviews or certain positions to children this young who are not ready to talk about sexual things".<ref name="FL Channel: 2-28" /> |
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| − | Senator Audrey Gibson {{C|D-part of Duval, district 6}} asked Baxley what led to his bill, such as a specific family speaking to him about their parental rights being violated. He brought up "social engineering approaches" and "values" and said it was a "proactive bill by folks who work on parental issues and school issues", but he did not identify who brought the bill to him. Senator Linda Stewart {{C|D-part of Orange, district 13}} asked if the bill would apply to LGBTQ clubs or other extracurricular activities; he said it would not. Among other questions, Senator Bobby Powell {{C|D-part of Palm Beach, district 30}} asked how Baxley defined "social engineering approaches" and if any line in the bill dealt with that subject. Baxley said, "That is describing what goes on around social value issues, when you try to reach over from the educational arm of our society, and address these in a way that doesn't observe the authority of parents to establish those value lines."<ref name="FL Channel: 2-28" /> |
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| − | During the questions and answers, Senator Brandes asked if "heterosexual conversations" would be allowed under the bill; when Sen. Baxley said no, Brandes asked what in the bill text disallowed discussing heterosexuality or sexual activity. Baxley avoided answering why the bill singled out sexual orientation and gender identity.<ref name="FL Channel: 2-28" /> |
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| − | An amendment proposed by Senator Brandes would have swapped out the words "sexual orientation or gender identity" in favor of "human sexuality or sexual activity" to be more generally about sex education and no longer target the LGBTQ+ community. Sen. Baxley said Brandes' amendment would "gut" the bill.<ref name="TBT: Tone down bill">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.tampabay.com/news/florida-politics/2022/02/28/dont-say-gay-senate-panel-rejects-republicans-attempt-to-tone-down-bill |title='Don't say gay': Senate panel rejects Republican's attempt to tone down bill |author=Wilson, Kirby and Ceballos, Ana |date=2022-02-28 |work=[https://www.tampabay.com Tampa Bay Times] |archivedate=20220301004848}}</ref> Rep. Smith voiced support for Brandes' amendment prior to the hearing<ref name="FL Pol: Brandes amendment">{{Cite_web |url=https://floridapolitics.com/archives/501572-democrat-carlos-smith-endorses-jeff-brandes-amendment-to-sex-ed-bill |title=Democrat Carlos Smith endorses Jeff Brandes' amendment to sex ed bill |author=Powers, Scott |date=2022-02-28 |archivedate=20220228203618 |work=[https://floridapolitics.com Florida Politics]}}</ref> and hoped to provide testimony at the hearing, but Chair Stargel did not grant him permission to speak. Stargel claimed the bill was "not meant to be hateful", and she said in support, "What this bill is seeking to fix is a situation where you have a school district that puts in place a policy of transgender/gender-non-conforming Student Support Plan, according to Title IX, which extends all the way to kids in elementary school, and that entire plan is done without the knowledge or input from the parent. That is the problem that we're fixing. I don't care if your kids are straight or if your kids are gay."<ref name="FL Pol: It's not meant to be hateful" /> |
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| − | ====2022-03-07, Senate Special Order Calendar==== |
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| − | {{Dialogue |
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| − | |Polsky=Sen. Tina Polsky |
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| − | |Baxley=Sen. Dennis Baxley |
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| − | |Polsky|Why is gender identity and sexual orientation specifically prohibited when there are so many other very difficult mature subjects that are not exempted? |
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| − | |Baxley|It's an endless list of things that you could list as far as challenges to young people. We are in a trending posture right now where—I mean, my son's a psychiatrist, and I said, "Why is everybody now all about coming out when you're in school?" And there really is a dynamic of concern of how much of this are genuine type of experiences and how many of them are just kids trying on different kinds of things they hear about, and different kinds of identities, and ''experimenting''. That's what kids do. Maybe they're in this club or that club or they're onto this. And they're trying on all these identities of life trying to see where they fit in. And I said, "Am I crazy or what? All of a sudden we're having all these issues come up about this topic of their sexuality and gender," and I said, "I don't understand why that's such a big wave right now." […] Some of it's, I'm sure, a cultural shift of what's accepted and that kind of thing. But I know some of it's the confusion that kids go—you know, particularly when you get to middle school or high school, there's a lot of whitewater. You don't get it right. You just get 'em through it. So my question is simply, "Are we encouraging this or illuminating it by putting emphasis on it or are we helping something? […] There's something wrong with how we're emphasizing this and how all of a sudden overnight they're a celebrity when they felt like they were nobody. And so I don't know how all those pieces, parts play, but I know parents are very concerned about the departure of the core belief systems and values. So I think they have a seat at the table, and I think telling them they don't have a seat at the table in this decision and this process with kids is a very, very big mistake. |
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| − | |Polsky|So basically, what I just heard you say, just to confirm, that there seems to be a big uptick in the number of children who are coming out as gay or experimenting, and therefore we need to not discuss it in the younger grades. Is that correct? |
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| − | |Baxley|Those are the reminiscing of a father and a grandfather, trying to figure out what makes kids tick. And that is part of why I'm attracted to this bill, is I don't want to be putting—we know there's social inputs into how people act and what they decide to do. So yeah, that's part of our concern for the wellbeing of our children.}} |
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| − | For the second reading of the bill on March 7, the Senate spent three hours debating and voting on proposed bill amendments to clarify the vague language and add protections for LGBTQ+ students; all failed to pass. Sen. Kelli Stargel {{C|R-parts of Lake and Polk, district 22}} claimed the amendments were an attempt to delay the bill and force it into a back and forth with the House, and that they encouraged "misrepresentation" of the bill.<ref name="FL Pol: No one understands this bill">{{Cite_web |url=https://floridapolitics.com/archives/505445-no-one-understands-this-bill-senators-grapple-with-defining-parental-rights-proposal-as-vote-approaches |title='No one understands this bill': Senators grapple with defining 'parental rights' proposal as vote approaches |author=[https://floridapolitics.com/archives/author/khayes Hayes, Kelly] |date=2022-03-07 |archivedate=20220308023711 |work=[https://floridapolitics.com Florida Politics]}}</ref> |
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| − | Most of the thirteen amendments were determined with voice votes;{{#tag:ref |From [https://www.flsenate.gov/reference/glossary#V The Florida Senate Glossary]: "Voice vote: An oral vote is allowed on some legislative issues such as motions, amendments, and resolutions." Since it is based on shouting "yea" or "nay", this process leaves the individual votes unclear. In the Senate, a voice vote can be immediately challenged with a show of hands by five Senators to require an electronic roll call; this tallies each individual vote by name. |group=note}} the voice vote on the amendment by Senator Shevrin Jones {{C|D-parts of Broward and Miami-Dade, district 35}} was challenged by at least five Senators to require an electronic roll call vote.<ref name="FL Channel: 3-7">{{Cite_web |url=https://thefloridachannel.org/videos/3-7-22-senate-session-part-3 |title=3/7/22 Senate Session Part 3 |date=2022-03-07 |work=[https://thefloridachannel.org The Florida Channel]}}</ref> The proposed amendments were:<ref name="Senate Journal 3-7">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Journals/2022/3-7-2022 |title=Journal of the Senate, Number 20 |format=PDF |date=2022-03-07 |work=[https://www.flsenate.gov Florida Senate]}}</ref> |
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| − | !style="width: 40%" |Filed by |
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| − | | 175814 || Sen. Gary Farmer {{C|D-part of Broward, district 34}} || Before the current bill text, amend the Florida Statute regarding HIV/AIDS education in schools to change the word ''"heterosexual"'' to "<u>monogamous</u>", making the sentence read: "Teach abstinence from sexual activity outside of marriage as the expected standard for all school-age students while teaching the benefits of <u>monogamous</u> marriage."<ref name="Amendment 175814">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Bill/2022/1557/Amendment/175814/PDF |title=Bill No. CS/CS/HB 1557, 1st Eng.: Senator Amendment 175814 |format=PDF |date=2022-03-04 |work=[https://www.flsenate.gov Florida Senate]}}</ref> |
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| − | | 907198 || Sen. Janet Cruz {{C|D-part of Hillsborough, district 18}} || For paragraph 1, insert after current text ''"safe and supportive learning environment for the student"'' new text: "<u>regardless of their race, color, ethnicity, national origin, sex, gender, gender identity, sexual orientation, or disability.</u>"<ref name="Amendment 907198">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Bill/2022/1557/Amendment/907198/PDF |title=Bill No. CS/CS/HB 1557, 1st Eng.: Senator Amendment 907198 |format=PDF |date=2022-03-04 |work=[https://www.flsenate.gov Florida Senate]}}</ref> Previously attempted by Rep. Arrington.<ref name="Amendment 884605" /> |
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| − | | 756788 || Sen. Annette Taddeo {{C|D-part of Miami-Dade, district 40}} || For (sub)paragraph 1, add to the end: "<u>This subparagraph does not limit or alter any obligation of school district personnel to report suspected abuse, abandonment, or neglect, as those terms are defined in s. 39.01.</u>" |
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| − | | 421704 || Sen. Farmer || Delete the entirety of paragraph 3 (the one about gender identity and sexual orientation).<ref name="Amendment 421704">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Bill/2022/1557/Amendment/421704/PDF |title=Bill No. CS/CS/HB 1557, 1st Eng.: Senator Amendment 421704 |format=PDF |date=2022-03-04 |work=[https://www.flsenate.gov Florida Senate]}}</ref> Previously attempted by Rep. Rayner.<ref name="Amendment 705429" /> |
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| − | | 290096 || Sen. Tina Polsky {{C|D-parts of Broward and Palm Beach, district 29}} || Insert at the start of (sub)paragraph 3: "<u>3.a. For purposes of this subparagraph, the term: (I) "Gender identity" means gender-related identity, appearance, or behavior, regardless of whether such gender-related identity, appearance, or behavior is different from that traditionally associated with an individual's physiology or assigned sex at birth. (II) "Sexual orientation" means an individual's heterosexuality, homosexuality, or bisexuality.</u>" |
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| − | | 427586 || Sen. Jeff Brandes {{C|R-part of Pinellas, district 24}} || Replace ''"sexual orientation or gender identity"'' with "<u>human sexuality, including, but not limited to, curricula addressing sexual activity, sexual orientation, or gender identity</u>".<ref name="Amendment 427586">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Bill/2022/1557/Amendment/427586/PDF |title=Bill No. CS/CS/HB 1557, 1st Eng.: Senator Amendment 427586 |format=PDF |date=2022-03-06 |work=[https://www.flsenate.gov Florida Senate]}}</ref> |
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| − | | 201756 || Sen. Shevrin Jones {{C|D-parts of Broward and Miami-Dade, district 35}} || Failed; in the roll call, all 15 Democratic Senators and one Republican (Brandes) supported, and 22 Republicans voted to oppose.<ref name="Senate Journal 3-7" /> Replace paragraph 3 with: "<u>Classroom instruction by school personnel or third parties intended to change a student's sexual orientation or gender identity may not occur.</u>"<ref name="Amendment 201756">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Bill/2022/1557/Amendment/201756/PDF |title=Bill No. CS/CS/HB 1557, 1st Eng.: Senator Amendment 201756 |format=PDF |date=2022-03-04 |work=[https://www.flsenate.gov Florida Senate]}}</ref> |
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| − | | 755282 || Sen. Lauren Book {{C|D-part of Broward, district 32}} || Insert after ''"accordance with state standards"'' at the end of (sub)paragraph 3: "<u>For purposes of this subparagraph, the term "classroom instruction" does not include instruction or discussion relating to any of the following: a. Family structures. b. Objective historical events. c. Bullying prevention. d. A student's individual education plan (IEP) or 504 plan.</u>"<ref name="Amendment 755282">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Bill/2022/1557/Amendment/755282/PDF |title=Bill No. CS/CS/HB 1557, 1st Eng.: Senator Amendment 755282 |format=PDF |date=2022-03-04 |work=[https://www.flsenate.gov Florida Senate]}}</ref> |
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| − | | 734244 || Sen. Randolph Bracy {{C|D-part of Orange, district 11}} || Add at the end of (sub)paragraph 3: "<u>This subparagraph does not apply to any discussion between a student who identifies as transgender, gender nonconforming, non-binary, or otherwise LGBTQ+ and their peers.</u>"<ref name="Amendment 734244">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Bill/2022/1557/Amendment/734244/PDF |title=Bill No. CS/CS/HB 1557, 1st Eng.: Senator Amendment 734244 |format=PDF |date=2022-03-04 |work=[https://www.flsenate.gov Florida Senate]}}</ref> Previously attempted by Rep. Woodson.<ref name="Amendment 600607" /> |
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| − | | 538822 || Sen. Audrey Gibson {{C|D-part of Duval, district 6}} || Delete paragraph 4 (about adhering to Department of Education for student services) and section 2 (1 year deadline for Department of Education to make updates).<ref name="Amendment 538822">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Bill/2022/1557/Amendment/538822/PDF |title=Bill No. CS/CS/HB 1557, 1st Eng.: Senator Amendment 538822 |format=PDF |date=2022-03-04 |work=[https://www.flsenate.gov Florida Senate]}}</ref> |
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| − | | 745072 || Sen. Jason Pizzo {{C|D-part of Miami-Dade, district 38}} || Remove the paragraph that would give parents the ability to bring action against and potentially receive damages and fees from school districts.<ref name="Amendment 745072">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Bill/2022/1557/Amendment/745072/PDF |title=Bill No. CS/CS/HB 1557, 1st Eng.: Senator Amendment 745072 |format=PDF |date=2022-03-04 |work=[https://www.flsenate.gov Florida Senate]}}</ref> |
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| − | | 486826 || Sen. Linda Stewart {{C|D-part of Orange, district 13}} || In paragraph 7, after the sentence about how ''"a court may award damages and shall award reasonable attorney fees and court costs to a parent who receives declaratory or injunctive relief"'', add: "<u>A court shall award reasonable attorney fees and court costs to a school district that is found to have not violated this paragraph.</u>"<ref name="Amendment 486826">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Bill/2022/1557/Amendment/486826/PDF |title=Bill No. CS/CS/HB 1557, 1st Eng.: Senator Amendment 486826 |format=PDF |date=2022-03-01 |work=[https://www.flsenate.gov Florida Senate]}}</ref> |
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| − | | 374376 || Sen. Lori Berman {{C|D-part of Palm Beach, district 31}} || Create paragraph 8 with the text: "<u>To ensure that parents and legal guardians know how to discuss sexual orientation and gender identity with their children, the Department of Education, in consultation with Parents, Families, and Friends of Lesbians and Gays (PFLAG) and Gay, Lesbian, and Straight Education Network (GLSEN), shall create a pamphlet focused on providing parents and legal guardians with information on how to talk to their children about sexual orientation and gender identity. The pamphlet must contain contact information for local LGBTQ+ focused organizations that can assist parents in preparing for such conversations. Each school district shall annually provide the pamphlet to parents and legal guardians and prominently display such pamphlets in the front office of schools within the district.</u>"<ref name="Amendment 374376">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Bill/2022/1557/Amendment/374376/PDF |title=Bill No. CS/CS/HB 1557, 1st Eng.: Senator Amendment 374376 |format=PDF |date=2022-03-04 |work=[https://www.flsenate.gov Florida Senate]}}</ref> (Almost identical to attempted amendment barcode 275051 by Rep. Eskamani)<ref name="Amendment 275051" /> |
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| − | ====2022-03-08, Senate==== |
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| − | {{Quote |So let's be clear, the bill sponsor […] Senator Baxley made it clear that this bill is about one thing: section three—sexual orientation, gender identity. Even being pressed on it through amendments and even me wanting to take that section to do what this body, I believe, that you all said you intend to want to do, to give parents that right—which they already have—but to take that out and we say that it is not geared towards the LGBTQ community. You can't say that it's not, but then the bill sponsor says it is; you got to pick one. […] And I'm sure you all heard the children yesterday. Some of them are still in the gallery right now. Why would so many LGBTQ youth, parents, and allies be here if the nuances of this bill was not what it is, and where individuals feel attacked on it? […] I believe that this will be another stain on the history of Florida. Whether you disagree with the messaging or not when it comes to people calling it the "don't say gay" bill, or you can put whatever title behind it all you want, it hurts people. |speaker=Senator Shevrin Jones |source=addressing the Senate on March 8, 2022}} |
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| − | The bill passed 22-17 in the Senate, with all Democrats opposing as well as two Republicans, Senators Jeff Brandes {{C|R-part of Pinellas, district 24}} and Jenn Bradley {{C|R-Baker, Bradford, Clay, Columbia, Dixie, Gilchrist, Lafayette, Levy, Suwannee, Union counties and part of Marion; district 5}}. Sen. Brandes had previously opposed the bill, and Sen. Bradley said, "I want to support parental rights in school but I'm also mindful of our Legislature's voice. I'm a mom to three children and I love all of the children in the state of Florida, and I'm concerned about the message it sends."<ref name="FL Pol: Gay is not a permanent thing">{{Cite_web |url=https://floridapolitics.com/archives/505744-gay-is-not-a-permanent-thing-legislature-sends-controversial-parental-rights-bill-to-governor |title='Gay is not a permanent thing': Legislature sends controversial 'parental rights' bill to Governor |author=[https://floridapolitics.com/archives/author/khayes Hayes, Kelly] |date=2022-03-08 |archivedate=20220309032323 |work=[https://floridapolitics.com Florida Politics]}}</ref> |
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| − | |||
| − | During debate, Democratic Senators called out the homophobic and transphobic intentions behind the bill and the statements made by their Republican colleagues, while multiple Republican Senators continued to make such statements in support of the bill. Sen. Ileana Garcia {{C|R-part of Miami-Dade, district 37}} claimed, "Gay is not a permanent thing. LGBT is not a permanent thing."<ref name="FL Pol: Gay is not a permanent thing" /> |
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| − | |||
| − | {{Quote |I want to speak to the boy or girl, the trans boy or the trans girl, and I want to tell them that you're wonderful, you're not confused, and there's a community of people who love you, who support you, and who are rooting for you. I want to speak to the father or the mother who think just because your child came out as LGBTQ that you've done something wrong. That parent, you've done nothing wrong; you've done everything right, and as a matter of fact, you're actually the real MVP. I want to speak to the one who's still battling with who they are. I have this saying that I tell people all the time: when you become okay with it, you give everybody else permission to do the same. Here's the big one: I want to talk to that church. To the church that rejected the boy or the girl who walked in your doors, I want to tell you that you can't teach love, but don't show love. […] And to those who think you can legislate gay people away: I'm sorry, you cannot. I think you should spend your time legislating to protect them. |speaker=Senator Shevrin Jones |source=addressing the Senate on March 8, 2022}} |
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| − | ===Positions on HB 1557/SB 1834=== |
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| − | ====Supporters==== |
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| − | Multiple legislators argued in favor of the bills, including but not limited to: |
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| − | *Sen. Danny Burgess {{C|R-parts of Hillsborough, Pasco, and Polk, district 20}} |
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| − | *Sen. Manny Diaz {{C|R-part of Miami-Dade, district 36}} |
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| − | *Sen. Ileana Garcia {{C|R-part of Miami-Dade, district 37}} |
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| − | *Sen. Ray Rodrigues {{C|R-part of Lee, district 27}} |
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| − | *Sen. Kelli Stargel {{C|R-parts of Lake and Polk, district 22}}, Chair of Appropriations Committee |
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| − | |||
| − | At committee hearings, individuals representing themselves or representing organizations waived in support or provided public testimony as proponents of the bill.<ref name="House: Education: Appearances">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.myfloridahouse.gov/CommitteeMeetingAppearanceListing?billnumber=1557&termid=89&sessionid=93&billid=76545&committeeid=3095&committeemeetingid=13486 |title=Education & Employment Committee Meeting Appearance Listing, Bill: 1557 |date=2022-01-20 |work=[https://www.myfloridahouse.gov Florida House of Representatives]}}</ref><ref name="Senate: Education: Final">{{Cite_web| url=https://www.flsenate.gov/Committees/Show/ED/MeetingPacket/5483/9906_MeetingPacket_5483_2.pdf#page=148 |title=Committee Meeting Expanded Agenda: Education (Final Meeting Packet) |date=2022-02-08 |format=PDF |work=[https://www.flsenate.gov The Florida Senate]}}</ref><ref name="House: Judiciary: Appearances">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.myfloridahouse.gov/CommitteeMeetingAppearanceListing?billnumber=1557&termid=89&sessionid=93&billid=76545&committeeid=3095&committeemeetingid=13486 |title=Judiciary Committee Meeting Appearance Listing, Bill: 1557 |date=2022-02-17 |work=[https://www.myfloridahouse.gov Florida House of Representatives]}}</ref><ref name="Senate: Appropriations: Final">{{Cite_web| url=https://www.flsenate.gov/Committees/Show/AP/MeetingPacket/5511/9948_MeetingPacket_5511_4.pdf |title=Committee Meeting Expanded Agenda: Appropriations (Final Meeting Packet) |work=[https://www.flsenate.gov The Florida Senate]}}</ref> (Some were also in opposition to amendment barcode 546314/760288.)<ref name="Senate: Appropriations: Final" /> These members of the public were: |
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| − | {| width="100%" |
||
| − | | width="50%" | |
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| − | *Christian Family Coalition (CFC) or Family Christian Coalition (FCC)<ref name="House: Education: Appearances" /><ref name="House: Judiciary: Appearances" /><ref name="Senate: Appropriations: Final" /> |
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| − | *Florida Citizens Alliance<ref name="Senate: Education: Final" /><ref name="House: Judiciary: Appearances" /><ref name="Senate: Appropriations: Final" /> |
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| − | *Florida Ethics and Religious Liberty Commission<ref name="House: Education: Appearances" /><ref name="Senate: Education: Final" /><ref name="House: Judiciary: Appearances" /><ref name="Senate: Appropriations: Final" /> |
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| − | *Florida Family Action<ref name="House: Education: Appearances" /> |
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| − | *Florida Family Policy Council<ref name="Senate: Education: Final" /><ref name="Senate: Appropriations: Final" /> |
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| − | *Florida Smart Justice Alliance<ref name="House: Judiciary: Appearances" /> |
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| − | | style="vertical-align:top;" | |
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| − | *Heritage Action for America<ref name="House: Judiciary: Appearances" /> |
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| − | *National Coalition for Public School Options<ref name="Senate: Education: Final" /> |
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| − | *Opportunity Solutions Project<ref name="Senate: Education: Final" /> |
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| − | *Salt and Light Council<ref name="House: Judiciary: Appearances" /> |
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| − | *Various individuals,<ref name="House: Education: Appearances" /><ref name="Senate: Education: Final" /><ref name="House: Judiciary: Appearances" /> including residents of The Villages retirement community<ref name="FL Pol: Trojan horse" /> and January Littlejohn<ref name="House: Education: Appearances" /><ref name="Senate: Education: Final" /><ref name="House: Judiciary: Appearances" /><ref name="Senate: Appropriations: Final" /> |
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| − | |} |
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| − | |||
| − | ====Opponents==== |
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| − | {{Quote |I walk into a building every day where I am told that I do not matter. I can not only surmise that it's because you don't care—that gay folks, and LGBT folks and trans folks don't matter. So I'm here to tell the LGBTQ babies who are watching: You matter. I see you. You are loved. You are perfect just the way you are. I know you are getting told right now in this room that you are less than. But God made you beautiful and special just the way you are. If you are trans, how you show—I'm speaking to that aide that comes into this Capitol every day and that has to fight, and is one of the most beautiful people I've ever seen and known: You are special. You are seen. And you are appreciated. To the other folks that work here in this Capitol and have to endure listening to this legislation: You are seen. You are worthy, and you are beautiful. And I'm speaking to my wife, who's standing right there—who's sitting right there, rather: You are seen. You are loved. And you are beautiful.|speaker=Representative Michele Rayner |source=addressing the Florida House of Representatives on February 24, 2022}} |
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| − | Among others, the bill was strongly opposed within the legislature by the three openly gay legislators: |
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| − | *Rep. Carlos Guillermo Smith {{C|D-part of Orange, district 49}}, Florida's first elected LGBTQ+ Latino state legislator,<ref name="FL Pol: Hateful" /> Democratic Ranking Member of the State Affairs Committee and the Professions & Public Health Subcommittee |
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| − | *Rep. Michele Rayner {{C|D-parts of Hillsborough, Manatee, Pinellas, and Sarasota, district 70}}, the first openly queer Black woman<ref name="FL Pol: Slowly being erased" /> and queer woman of color elected as a Florida state legislator<ref name="FL Pol: Distress" /> |
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| − | *Sen. Shevrin "Shev" Jones {{C|D-parts of Broward and Miami-Dade, district 35}}, Florida's first elected openly gay Senator<ref name="FL Pol: Sixty Days">{{Cite_web |url=https://floridapolitics.com/archives/495746-sixty-days-for-2-10-22-a-prime-time-look-at-the-2022-legislative-session |title=Sixty Days for 2.10.22 — A prime-time look at the 2022 Legislative Session |author=Staff Reports |date=2022-02-10 |archivedate=20220211055129 |work=[https://floridapolitics.com Florida Politics]}}</ref> and formerly a Representative who publicly came out while in office in 2018,<ref name="Miami Herald: Shevrin Jones">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/community/gay-south-florida/article217137520.html |title=Florida Rep. Shevrin Jones opens up as a gay man: 'I'm living my truth.' |author=Smiley, David |date=2018-08-23 |work=[https://www.miamiherald.com Miami Herald] |archivedate=20180823000312}}</ref> Vice Chair of the Education Committee |
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| − | |||
| − | {{Quote |This is an anti-gay bill, and if you vote for this anti-gay bill, after today you can never, ever claim to be an ally of the LGBTQ community. In fact, you are voting to be an opponent. I'm gonna vote down on this bill, and I'm going to say gay until I'm rainbow in the face.| Representative Mike Grieco |source=addressing the Florida House of Representatives on February 24, 2022}} |
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| − | [[File:DontSayGay-Collage2.png|thumb|right|200px|Four allies, clockwise from top left: Representatives Angie Nixon, Kristen Arrington, Marie Woodson, and Robin Bartleman]] |
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| − | LGBTQIA+ allies among the legislature who strongly opposed the bill include but are not limited to: |
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| − | *Rep. Kristen Arrington {{C|D-part of Osceola, district 43}}, fought as a member of the Education & Employment Committee and filed an amendment |
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| − | *Rep. Robin Bartleman {{C|D-part of Broward, district 104}}, fought in the chamber<ref name="FL Pol: Distress" /> |
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| − | *Rep. Ben Diamond {{C|D-part of Pinellas, district 68}}, fought as a member of the Judiciary Committee and filed an amendment |
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| − | *Rep. Fentrice Driskell {{C|D-part of Hillsborough, district 63}}, fought as the Democratic Ranking Member of the Judiciary Committee<ref name="FL Pol: Trojan horse" /> and filed an amendment |
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| − | *Rep. Anna Eskamani {{C|D-part of Orange, district 47}}, filed two amendments and fought in the chamber |
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| − | *Rep. Mike Grieco {{C|D-part of Miami-Dade, district 113}}, fought as a member of the Judiciary Committee<ref name="FL Pol: Trojan horse" /> and in the chamber<ref name="FL Pol: Distress" /> |
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| − | *Rep. Angie Nixon {{C|D-part of Duval, district 14}}, filed an amendment |
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| − | *Rep. Marie Woodson {{C|D-part of Broward, district 101}}, filed an amendment |
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| − | *Sen. Lori Berman {{C|D-part of Palm Beach, district 31}} |
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| − | *Sen. Lauren Book {{C|D-part of Broward, district 32}} |
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| − | *Sen. Randolph Bracy {{C|D-part of Orange, district 11}} |
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| − | *Sen. Janet Cruz {{C|D-part of Hillsborough, district 18}} |
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| − | *Sen. Gary Farmer {{C|D-part of Broward, district 34}} |
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| − | *Sen. Jason Pizzo {{C|D-part of Miami-Dade, district 38}} |
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| − | *Sen. Tina Polsky {{C|D-parts of Broward and Palm Beach, district 29}} |
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| − | |||
| − | Other attempts to amend the bill (in ways that would not alter paragraph 3 or insert new affirmative language) were made by: |
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| − | *Rep. Tracie Davis {{C|D-part of Duval, district 13}} |
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| − | *Rep. Minority Leader Rep. Evan Jenne {{C|D-part of Broward, district 99}} |
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| − | *Sen. Audrey Gibson {{C|D-part of Duval, district 6}} |
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| − | *Sen. Linda Stewart {{C|D-part of Orange, district 13}} |
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| − | *Sen. Annette Taddeo {{C|D-part of Miami-Dade, district 40}} |
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| − | |||
| − | The following Republicans voted no on the bill in the final floor votes: |
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| − | *Rep. Vance Aloupis, Jr. {{C|R-part of Miami-Dade, district 115}},<ref name="House Journal 2-24">{{Cite_web |url=https://myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Documents/loaddoc.aspx?PublicationType=Session&CommitteeId=&Session=2022&DocumentType=Journals&FileName=House+Journal+No.27%2c+February+24%2c+2022+(Thursday).pdf |title=The Journal of the House of Representatives, Number 27 |format=PDF |date=2022-02-24 |work=[https://www.myfloridahouse.gov Florida House of Representatives]}}</ref> after previously supporting in the Education & Employment Committee<ref name="House: Education: Action Packet">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Documents/loaddoc.aspx?PublicationType=Committees&CommitteeId=3105&Session=2022&DocumentType=Action+Packets&FileName=eec+1-20-22.pdf |title=Education & Employment Committee: Action Packet |date=2022-01-20 |format=PDF |work=[https://www.myfloridahouse.gov Florida House of Representatives]}}</ref> |
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| − | *Rep. Demi Busatta Cabrera {{C|R-part of Miami-Dade, district 114}},<ref name="House Journal 2-24" /> after previously supporting in the Judiciary Committee<ref name="Judiciary: Action Packet">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Documents/loaddoc.aspx?PublicationType=Committees&CommitteeId=3095&Session=2022&DocumentType=Action+Packets&FileName=jdc+2-17-22+REVISED.pdf |title=Judiciary Committee: AMENDED Action Packet |date=2022-02-17 |format=PDF |work=[https://www.myfloridahouse.gov Florida House of Representatives]}}</ref> |
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| − | *Rep. Chip LaMarca {{C|R-part of Broward, district 93}},<ref name="House Journal 2-24" /> after previously supporting in the Education & Employment Committee<ref name="House: Education: Action Packet" /> |
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| − | *Rep. Amber Mariano {{C|R-part of Pasco, district 36}},<ref name="House Journal 2-24" /> after previously supporting in the Education & Employment Committee<ref name="House: Education: Action Packet" /> |
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| − | *Rep. James Vernon "Jim" Mooney, Jr. {{C|R-Monroe and part of Miami-Dade, district 120}}<ref name="House Journal 2-24" /> |
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| − | *Rep. Rene "Coach P" Plasencia {{C|R-parts of Orange and Brevard, district 50}}<ref name="House Journal 2-24" /> |
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| − | *Rep. William Cloud "Will" Robinson, Jr. {{C|R-parts of Manatee and Sarasota, district 71}}<ref name="House Journal 2-24" /> |
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| − | *Sen. Jenn Bradley {{C|R-Baker, Bradford, Clay, Columbia, Dixie, Gilchrist, Lafayette, Levy, Suwannee, Union counties and part of Marion; district 5}}, after previously supporting the bill in the Education Committee<ref name="Senate: Education: Final" /> and opposing Sen. Jones' amendment on the floor<ref name="Amendment 201756" /> |
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| − | *Sen. Jeff Brandes {{C|R-part of Pinellas, district 24}}, also attempted an amendment and voted no in Appropriations Committee,<ref name="Senate: App: Vote" /> attempted an amendment again on the floor<ref name="Senate Journal 3-7" /> |
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| − | |||
| − | {{Quote |Every single one of you have a sexual orientation. Every single one of you have a gender identity. To prohibit discussions of sexual orientation and gender identity is to exclude what it is to be human. |speaker=Lakey Love, of the Florida Coalition for Transgender Liberation |source=public testimony to the Senate Education Committee on January 20, 2022}} |
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| − | At committee hearings, individuals representing themselves or representing organizations waived in opposition or provided public testimony as opponents. (Some were also in support of amendment barcode 546314/760288.) These members of the public were: |
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| − | {| width="100%" |
||
| − | | width="50%" | |
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| − | *AIDS Health Care Foundation<ref name="Senate: Education: Final" /><ref name="House: Judiciary: Appearances" /> |
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| − | *American Atheists<ref name="Senate: Education: Final" /><ref name="Senate: Appropriations: Final" /> |
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| − | *American Civil Liberties Union of Florida (ACLU of Florida)<ref name="House: Education: Appearances" /><ref name="Senate: Education: Final" /><ref name="House: Judiciary: Appearances" /><ref name="Senate: Appropriations: Final" /> |
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| − | *COLAGE<ref name="House: Judiciary: Appearances" /> |
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| − | *Common Ground<ref name="House: Education: Appearances" /> |
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| − | *Dream Defenders<ref name="House: Judiciary: Appearances" /><ref name="Senate: Appropriations: Final" /> |
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| − | *Equality Florida<ref name="House: Education: Appearances" /><ref name="Senate: Education: Final" /><ref name="House: Judiciary: Appearances" /><ref name="Senate: Appropriations: Final" /> |
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| − | *Family Equality<ref name="House: Judiciary: Appearances" /> |
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| − | *Florida AFL–CIO<ref name="House: Judiciary: Appearances" /> |
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| − | *Florida Alliance of Planned Parenthood Affiliates<ref name="House: Education: Appearances" /><ref name="Senate: Appropriations: Final" /> |
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| − | *Florida Center for Fiscal & Economic Policy<ref name="House: Education: Appearances" /><ref name="Senate: Education: Final" /><ref name="House: Judiciary: Appearances" /><ref name="Senate: Appropriations: Final" /> |
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| − | *Florida Coalition for Transgender Liberation<ref name="House: Education: Appearances" /><ref name="House: Judiciary: Appearances" /><ref name="Senate: Appropriations: Final" /> |
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| − | *Florida Immigrant Coalition<ref name="Senate: Education: Final" /><ref name="House: Judiciary: Appearances" /><ref name="Senate: Appropriations: Final" /> |
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| − | *Florida National Organization for Women (FL NOW)<ref name="House: Education: Appearances" /><ref name="Senate: Education: Final" /><ref name="House: Judiciary: Appearances" /><ref name="Senate: Appropriations: Final" /> |
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| − | *Florida Policy Institute<ref name="Senate: Appropriations: Final" /> |
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| − | *Florida PTA<ref name="House: Education: Appearances" /><ref name="Senate: Education: Final" /><ref name="House: Judiciary: Appearances" /><ref name="Senate: Appropriations: Final" /> |
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| − | *Florida Rising<ref name="House: Education: Appearances" /><ref name="Senate: Education: Final" /><ref name="House: Judiciary: Appearances" /><ref name="Senate: Appropriations: Final" /> |
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| − | *Florida State Conference of NAACP Branches<ref name="House: Judiciary: Appearances" /> |
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| − | *Florida Student Power Network<ref name="Senate: Education: Final" /><ref name="House: Judiciary: Appearances" /><ref name="Senate: Appropriations: Final" /> |
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| − | | style="vertical-align:top;" | |
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| − | *Latina Institute for Reproductive Justice FL<ref name="Senate: Education: Final" /> |
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| − | *League of Women Voters<ref name="House: Education: Appearances" /><ref name="Senate: Education: Final" /><ref name="House: Judiciary: Appearances" /><ref name="Senate: Appropriations: Final" /> |
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| − | *Mental Health Association of Central Florida<ref name="House: Judiciary: Appearances" /> |
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| − | *Miami-Dade County<ref name="Senate: Education: Final" /><ref name="Senate: Appropriations: Final" /> |
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| − | *National LGBTQ Task Force Action Fund<ref name="House: Judiciary: Appearances" /><ref name="Senate: Appropriations: Final" /> |
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| − | *PRISM<ref name="Senate: Appropriations: Final" /> |
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| − | *Southern Poverty Law Center Action Fund<ref name="House: Education: Appearances" /><ref name="Senate: Education: Final" /><ref name="House: Judiciary: Appearances" /><ref name="Senate: Appropriations: Final" /> |
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| − | *Spektrum Health<ref name="Senate: Appropriations: Final" /> |
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| − | *St. Stephen Lutheran Church<ref name="House: Judiciary: Appearances" /> |
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| − | *Students for a Democratic Society<ref name="House: Judiciary: Appearances" /> |
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| − | *The Trevor Project<ref name="Senate: Appropriations: Final" /> |
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| − | *Various individuals,<ref name="House: Education: Appearances" /><ref name="Senate: Education: Final" /><ref name="House: Judiciary: Appearances" /> including members of the LGBTQIA+ community, physicians, members of the National Association of Social Workers,<ref name="FL Pol: Trojan horse" /> student leader Will Larkins<ref name="Senate: Appropriations: Final" /> |
||
| − | |} |
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| − | |||
| − | ====Florida student protests==== |
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| − | {{Quote |When it comes to talking about sexuality in elementary school, you have to think about situations like show and tell. Can you talk about your family in that setting if you have a gay relative? What about teachers? What if a guy is married to another guy? Is he allowed to have a picture of his husband on the desk? I think it's necessary for development to have those questions and discussions. |speaker=Caitlyn Traxler, 11th-grade student and vice president of the Gay-Straight Alliance at Manatee School for the Arts |source=''[https://www.bradenton.com/news/local/education/article259021353.html Bradenton Herald]''}} |
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| − | |||
| − | Student-led, student-organized school walkouts were held to protest HB 1557 and support LGBTQ+ rights for students, with most taking place at noon on Thursday, March 3, 2022. The walkouts received local<ref name="BN9: Walkout">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.baynews9.com/fl/tampa/politics/2022/03/03/students-walk-out-of-tampa-bay-area-schools-to-protest--don-t-say-gay--bill |title=Students walk out of Florida schools to protest 'Don't Say Gay' bill |author=Perry, Mitch |date=2022-03-03 | work=[https://www.baynews9.com Bay News 9] |archivedate=20220305141720}}</ref><ref name="BH: Walkout">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.bradenton.com/news/local/education/article259021353.html |title='We have a voice.' Local students join Florida protests against 'Don't Say Gay' bill |author=Callihan, Ryan |date=2022-03-03 |work=[https://www.bradenton.com Bradenton Herald] |archiveurl=https://archive.ph/ZQNJM}}</ref><ref name="DBNJ: Suspended">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.news-journalonline.com/story/news/education/2022/03/03/dont-say-gay-flagler-palm-coast-high-school-walkout-organizer-jack-petocz-suspended-indefinitely/9344494002 |title=Student organizer of FL's 'Don't Say Gay' school walkout suspended from Flagler school |author=Ross, Nikki |date=2022-03-03 |work=[https://www.news-journalonline.com The Daytona Beach News-Journal] |archivedate=20220304013923}}</ref><ref name="FlaglerLive: Walkout">{{Cite_web |url=https://flaglerlive.com/173643/student-walkout-suspension |title='Say Gay! Say Gay! Say Gay!' FPC Students Chant in Walkout Protesting Bills; Organizer Jack Petocz Is Suspended |author=FlaglerLive |date=2022-03-03 |archivedate=20220304015022}}</ref><ref name="FMNP: Walkout">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.news-press.com/story/news/2022/03/03/lee-collier-county-high-school-students-protest-dont-say-gay-legislation/9357703002 |title='Say Gay!' Students at SWFL high schools raise voices against Parental Rights in Education bill |author=Braun, Michael; Mercader, Rachel Heimann; and Rodriguez, Tomas |date=2022-03-03 |work=[https://www.news-press.com Fort Myers News-Press] |archiveurl=https://archive.ph/CbPmS}}</ref><ref name="FOX 35: Walkout">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.fox35orlando.com/news/florida-students-stage-walkouts-in-protest-of-dont-say-gay-bill |title=Florida students stage walkouts in protest of 'Don't Say Gay' bill |author=FOX 35 Orlando |date=2022-03-03 |work=[https://www.fox35orlando.com FOX 35 Orlando] |archivedate=20220305141716}}</ref><ref name="GS: Walkout">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.gainesville.com/story/news/education/2022/03/03/dont-say-gay-bill-statewide-walkout-alachua-county-florida-students-protest/6972351001 |title=Alachua County students mobilize in protest of the controversial 'Don't Say Gay' bill |author=Harrell, Gershon |date=2022-03-03 |work=[https://www.gainesville.com The Gainesville Sun] |archivedate=20220304141445}}</ref><ref name="News4JAX: Walkout">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.news4jax.com/news/local/2022/03/03/students-across-florida-stage-walkouts-in-protest-of-dont-say-gay-legislation |title=Students across Florida stage walkouts in protest of 'Don't Say Gay' legislation |author=McLean, Joe |date=2022-03-03 |work=[https://www.news4jax.com News4JAX.com] |archivedate=20220305143151}}</ref><ref name="OS: Walkout">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.orlandosentinel.com/politics/os-ne-florida-high-school-students-protest-dont-say-gay-20220303-3cu234kz3vdsdosulr3aamgpbe-story.html |title=Florida high school students walk out of class to protest 'don't say gay' bill |author=Pedersen, Joe Mario and Swisher, Skyler |date=2022-03-03 |work=[https://www.orlandosentinel.com Orlando Sentinel] |archiveurl=https://archive.ph/5Tq2k}}</ref><ref name="TD: Walkout">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.tallahassee.com/story/news/2022/03/03/florida-high-school-students-walk-out-over-dont-say-gay-bill-protest-legislature/9358611002 |title=High school students across Florida walk out to protest 'Don't Say Gay' bill |author=Goñi-Lessan, Ana |date=2022-03-03 |work=[https://www.tallahassee.com Tallahassee Democrat] |archivedate=20220304031551}}</ref><ref name="TBT: Walkout">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.tampabay.com/news/education/2022/03/03/tampa-bay-students-walk-out-in-protest-of-floridas-dont-say-gay-bill |title=Tampa Bay students walk out in protest of Florida's 'don't say gay' bill |author=Solochek, Jeffrey S. and Sokol, Marlene |date=2022-03-03 |work=[https://www.tampabay.com Tampa Bay Times] |archivedate=20220304064704}}</ref><ref name="WKMG: Walkout">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.clickorlando.com/news/local/2022/03/05/central-florida-students-community-members-protest-controversial-dont-say-gay-bill |title=Central Florida students, community members protest controversial 'Don't Say Gay' bill |author=Campbell, Troy |date=2022-03-04 |work=[https://www.clickorlando.com WKMG/ClickOrando.com] |archivedate=20220305034839}} Names of high schools via [https://www.scps.k12.fl.us/schools/school-listings/high-schools.stml Seminole County Public Schools].</ref> and national news coverage.<ref name="Advocate: Walkout">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.advocate.com/news/2022/3/03/thousands-florida-students-walkout-protest-dont-say-gay-bill |title=Thousands of Florida Students Walk Out to Protest 'Don't Say Gay' Bill |author=Ogles, Jacob |date=2022-03-03 |work=[https://www.advocate.com Advocate.com] |archiveurl=https://archive.ph/WX0PR}} (Note: article contains errors regarding names of cities where schools are located)</ref><ref name="The Hill: Walkout">{{Cite_web |url=https://thehill.com/changing-america/respect/equality/596884-florida-students-walk-out-of-class-in-protest-of-dont-say |title=Florida students walk out of class in protest of 'Don't Say Gay' bill |author=Migdon, Brooke |date=2022-03-04 |work=[https://www.thehill.com The Hill] |archivedate=20220305142904}}</ref><ref name="NBC: Walkout">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/florida-students-stage-school-walkouts-dont-say-gay-bill-rcna18600 |title=Florida students stage school walkouts over 'Don't Say Gay' bill |author=Lavietes, Matt |date=2022-03-03 |work=[https://www.nbcnews.com NBC News] |archivedate=20220304014512}}</ref><ref name="Newsweek: Walkout">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.newsweek.com/florida-student-dont-say-gay-protest-suspended-jack-petocz-1684830 |title=Florida Student Who Organized 'Don't Say Gay' Protest Is Suspended |author=Palmer, Ewan |date=2022-03-04 |work=[https://www.newsweek.com Newsweek] |archivedate=20220305141651}}</ref> Although media reports have said "at least twenty" schools were identified as participating in the walkout,<ref name="DBNJ: Suspended" /><ref name="FMNP: Walkout" /> the total count is at least 60. |
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| − | |||
| − | <div style="height:300px; overflow:scroll; margin-bottom:1em;"> |
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| − | {| class="wikitable sortable" |
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| − | ! School !! City !! County !! Estimated attendance |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Atlantic Coast High School<ref name="News4JAX: Walkout" /> || Jacksonville || Duval |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Bayside High School<ref name="NBC: Walkout" /> || Palm Bay || Brevard || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Blake High School<ref name="TBT: Walkout" /> || Tampa || Hillsborough || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Boone High School {{C|on March 7}} || Orlando || Orange || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Braden River High School<ref name="BH: Walkout" /> || Bradenton || Manatee || 30+ {{C|after false alarm}}<ref name="BH: Walkout" /> |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Brandon High School<ref name="WFLA: Walkout 1">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.wfla.com/news/local-news/tampa-bay-students-protest-dont-say-gay-bill-by-walking-out-of-class |title=Tampa Bay students protest 'Don't Say Gay' bill by walking out of class |author=Marino, Melissa |date=2022-03-03 |work=[https://www.wfla.com WFLA News Channel 8] |archivedate=20220305141644}}</ref> || Brandon || Hillsborough || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Buchholz High School<ref name="GS: Walkout" /> || Gainesville || Alachua || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Colonial High School {{C|on March 2}}<ref name="FOX 35: Walkout" /><ref name="OS: Walkout" /><ref name="Advocate: Walkout" /> || Orlando || Orange || About 100<ref name="FOX 35: Walkout" /> |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Crooms Academy of Information Technology<ref name="WKMG: Walkout" /> || Sanford || Seminole || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Cypress Lake Middle School<ref name="NBC2: Walkout">{{Cite_web |url=https://nbc-2.com/news/2022/03/03/swfl-students-hold-walk-out-to-protest-dont-say-gay-bill |title=SWFL students hold walkout to protest 'Don't Say Gay' bill |author=NBC2 News |date=2022-03-04 |archivedate=20220305142822}}</ref> || Fort Myers || Lee || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Cypress Lake High School || Fort Myers || Lee || 100–150<ref name="FMNP: Walkout" /> or 200–300<ref name="NBC2: Walkout" /> |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Dr. Phillips High School {{C|on March 7}}<ref name="DPHS: Flyer">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/Casttnepv_D |title=DPHS's 'Don't Say Gay' Walkout |date=2022-03-05 |author=DPHS Gender Sexuality Alliance |archiveurl=https://archive.ph/QbOSE}}</ref> || Orlando || Orange || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Dunbar Middle School<ref name="NBC2: Walkout" /> || Fort Myers || Lee || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Eastside High School<ref name="GS: Walkout" /> || Gainesville || Alachua || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Edgewater High School {{C|on March 4}}<ref name="WKMG: Walkout" /> || Orlando || Orange || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Edgewood Junior/Senior High School<ref name="FT: Walkout">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.floridatoday.com/story/news/education/2022/03/03/brevard-public-school-students-protest-dont-say-gay-bill/9362925002 |title=Brevard students walk out of class to protest Florida's 'Don't Say Gay' bill |author=Gallion, Bailey |date=2022-03-03 |work=[https://www.floridatoday.com Florida Today] |archivedate=20220304033336}}</ref> || Merritt Island || Brevard || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Fivay High School<ref name="TBT: Walkout" /> || Hudson || Pasco || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Flagler Palm Coast High School<ref name="DBNJ: Suspended" /><ref name="FlaglerLive: Walkout" /><ref name="NBC: Walkout" /><ref name="OS: Walkout" /> || Palm Coast || Flagler || 500+<ref name="DBNJ: Suspended" /><ref name="FlaglerLive: Walkout" /> |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Florida State University<ref name="TD: Walkout" /> || Tallahassee || Leon || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Fort Myers High School || Fort Myers || Lee || 300+<ref name="FMNP: Walkout" /> |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Freedom High School<ref name="BN9: Walkout" /><ref name="Advocate: Walkout" /> || Tampa || Hillsborough || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Gainesville High School || Gainesville || Alachua || 400+<ref name="GS: Walkout" /> |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Gibbs High School<ref name="BN9: Walkout" /><ref name="OS: Walkout" /><ref name="NBC: Walkout" /><ref name="WTSP: Walkout">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.wtsp.com/article/news/politics/dont-say-gay-florida-walkout/67-56333f9d-0eed-4bbd-b9fa-b4a478f30930 |title=St. Petersburg students protest 'Don't Say Gay' bill in Florida Legislature with walkout |author=Krietz, Andrew |date=2022-03-03 |archiveurl=https://archive.ph/DPxuM}}</ref> || St. Petersburg || Pinellas || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Gulf Coast High School<ref name="FMNP: Walkout" /><ref name="TD: Walkout" /> || Naples || Collier || 75<ref name="FMNP: Walkout" /> |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Gulf High School<ref name="TBT: Walkout" /> || New Port Richey || Pasco || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Hagerty High School<ref name="WKMG: Walkout" /> || Oviedo || Seminole || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Hillsborough High School<ref name="NBC: Walkout" /> || Tampa || Hillsborough || About 250<ref name="TBT: Walkout" /> |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Howard W. Bishop Middle School<ref name="GS: Walkout" /> || Gainesville || Alachua || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | J. W. Mitchell High School<ref name="TBT: Walkout" /> || New Port Richey || Pasco || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Lake Brantley High School<ref name="WKMG: Walkout" /> || Altamonte Springs || Seminole || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Lake Howell High School<ref name="WKMG: Walkout" /> || Winter Park || Seminole || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Lake Mary High School<ref name="WKMG: Walkout" /> || Lake Mary || Seminole || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Lakewood High School<ref name="BN9: Walkout" /><ref name="TBT: Walkout" /> || St. Petersburg || Pinellas || 100+<ref name="TBT: Walkout" /> |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Largo High School<ref name="News4JAX: Walkout" /> || Largo || Pinellas || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Leon High School<ref name="TD: Walkout" /> || Tallahassee || Leon || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Lennard High School<ref name="BN9: Walkout" /> || Gibsonton || Hillsborough || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Loften High School<ref name="GS: Walkout" /> || Gainesville || Alachua || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Lyman High School<ref name="FOX 35: Walkout" /> || Longwood || Seminole || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Mandarin High School<ref name="News4JAX: Walkout" /><ref name="Instagram: Mandarin HS">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CaqCSSXuEiM |title=Students in Jacksonville and across Florida protest 'Don't Say Gay' bill {{C|Instagram}} |author=[https://www.jacksonville.com The Florida Times-Union/Jacksonville.com] |archiveurl=https://archive.ph/auARn}}</ref> || Jacksonville || Duval || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Matanzas High School<ref name="DBNJ: Suspended" /><ref name="FlaglerLive: Walkout" /> || Palm Coast || Flagler || About 200<ref name="FlaglerLive: Walkout" /> |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Melbourne High School<ref name="FT: Walkout" /> || Melbourne || Brevard || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Manatee School for the Arts {{C|charter school}}<ref name="BH: Walkout" /> || Palmetto || Manatee || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Mariner High School<ref name="WINK: Walkout">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.winknews.com/2022/03/03/students-across-southwest-florida-walk-out-to-protest-dont-say-gay-bill |title=Students across Southwest Florida walk out to protest 'Don't say gay' bill |author=WINK News |date=2022-03-03 |work=[https://www.winknews.com WINK News] |archivedate=20220305142537}}</ref> || Cape Coral || Lee || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Naples High School<ref name="FMNP: Walkout" /> || Naples || Collier || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | North Fort Myers High School<ref name="FMNP: Walkout" /> || Fort Myers || Lee || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Orange Park High School<ref name="FCN: Walkout">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.firstcoastnews.com/article/news/regional/florida/high-school-students-across-florida-expected-to-participate-in-walkout-to-protest-dont-say-gay-bill/77-3f5fd717-a958-41a9-892c-53f58c2110f1 |title=High school students in Orange Park walk out of class to protest Florida's 'don't say gay' bill |author=Feindt, Casey |date=2022-03-03 |work=[https://www.firstcoastnews.com First Coast News] |archiveurl=https://archive.ph/A2HF3}}</ref> || Orange Park || Clay || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Oviedo High School<ref name="WKMG: Walkout" /> || Oviedo || Seminole || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Palm Harbor University High School<ref name="BN9: Walkout" /> || Palm Harbor || Pinellas || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Paul R. Wharton High School<ref name="NCRM: Walkout">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.thenewcivilrightsmovement.com/2022/03/we-say-gay-thousands-of-students-across-florida-walk-out-to-protest-desantis-backed-dont-say-gay-bill |title='We Say Gay': Thousands of Students Across Florida Walk Out to Protest DeSantis-Backed 'Don't Say Gay' Bill |author=Badash, David |date=2022-03-03 |work=[https://www.thenewcivilrightsmovement.com New Civil Rights Movement] |archivedate=20220305161553}}</ref> || Tampa || Hillsborough || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Pine View School for the Gifted<ref name="TD: Walkout" /><ref name="SHT: Walkout">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.heraldtribune.com/story/news/education/2022/03/03/dont-say-gay-bill-pine-view-high-school-student-president-zander-moricz-organizes-walkout-opposition/9361630002 |title=Pine View High School class president organizes 'Say Gay' walkout |author=Gholar, Samantha |work=[https://www.heraldtribune.com Sarasota Herald-Tribune] |date=2022-03-03 |archivedate=20220304052320}}</ref> || Osprey (Sarasota) || Sarasota || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | P. K. Yonge Developmental Research School<ref name="GS: Walkout" /> || Gainesville || Alachua || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | River Ridge High School {{C|on March 7}}<ref name="TBT: Walkout" /><ref name="WFLA: Walkout 2">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.wfla.com/news/pasco-county/pasco-students-plan-walkouts-to-protest-dont-say-gay-bill |title=Pasco students plan walkouts to protest 'Don't Say Gay' bill |author=Rousseau, Beth |date=2022-03-07 |work=[https://www.wfla.com WFLA News Channel 8] |archivedate=20220307135817}}</ref> || New Port Richey || Pasco || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Riverview High School<ref name="SNN: Walkout">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.snntv.com/story/45999901/riverview-high-students-protest-dont-say-gay-bill |title=Riverview High students protest 'Don't Say Gay' bill |author=Gutierrez, Annette |date=2022-03-03 |work=[https://www.snntv.com Suncoast News Network] |archivedate=20220305141047}}</ref> || Sarasota || Sarasota || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Robinson High School<ref name="TBT: Walkout" /> || Tampa || Hillsborough || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Rutherford High School<ref name="Advocate: Walkout" /> || Panama City || Bay || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | SAIL High School<ref name="TD: Walkout" /><ref name="TBT: Passed">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.tampabay.com/news/florida-politics/2022/03/08/floridas-dont-say-gay-bill-passed-headed-to-desantis-amid-student-protests |title=Florida's 'don't say gay' bill passed, headed to DeSantis amid student protests |author=Ceballos, Ana and Wilson, Kirby |date=2022-03-08 |work=[https://www.tampabay.com Tampa Bay Times] |archivedate=20220308171750}}</ref> || Tallahassee || Leon || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Sandalwood High School<ref name="News4JAX: Walkout" /> || Jacksonville || Duval || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Seminole High School<ref name="BN9: Walkout" /><ref name="FOX 35: Walkout" /><ref name="WKMG: Walkout" /> || Sanford || Seminole || "Hundreds"<ref name="BN9: Walkout" /> |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | St. Augustine High School<ref name="News4JAX: Walkout" /> || St. Augustine || St. Johns || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Terry Parker High School<ref name="News4JAX: Walkout" /><ref name="ANJ: Walkout">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.actionnewsjax.com/news/florida/jacksonville-across-florida-students-protest-dont-say-gay-bill/HUYKCVIDLFDMRASJIPRQXPHZZQ |title=In Jacksonville and across Florida students protest 'Don't Say Gay' Bill |author=Stofan, Jake |date=2022-03-03 |work=[https://www.actionnewsjax.com Action News Jax] |archivedate=20220305141048}}</ref> || Jacksonville || Duval || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Wesley Chapel High School<ref name="TBT: Walkout" /> || Wesley Chapel || Pasco || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Winter Park High School {{C|on March 7}}<ref name="WPHS: Flyer">{{Cite_web |url=https://twitter.com/ProudTwinkie/status/1499794395813531652 |title=WPHS Walkout Information |author=Will Larkins |date=2022-03-04 |archivedate=20220304171104}}</ref><ref name="WMFE: WPHS">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.wmfe.org/winter-park-high-school-students-protest-dont-say-gay-bill-other-anti-lgbtq-legislation/197177 |title=Listen in: Winter Park High School students protest 'Don't Say Gay' bill, other anti-LGBTQ legislation |author=Prieur, Danielle |date=2022-03-07 |work=[https://www.wmfe.org WMFE] |publisher=Community Communications Inc. |archive=20220307204300}}</ref> || Winter Park || Orange || 500+<ref name="CNN: Walkout">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/03/07/us/orange-county-florida-high-school-walkout-dont-say-gay-bill/index.html |title=Florida students participate in massive walkout to protest the 'Don't Say Gay' bill |author=Vera, Amir and Alvarado, Caroll |date=2022-03-07 |work=[https://www.cnn.com CNN] |archivedate=20220308030807}}</ref> |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Winter Springs High School<ref name="WKMG: Walkout" /> || Winter Springs || Seminole || |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Wiregrass Ranch High School<ref name="TBT: Walkout" /> || Wesley Chapel || Pasco || |
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| − | |} |
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| − | |||
| − | Over a dozen other schools participated but did not receive media coverage; however, attendees documented their walkouts on social media.{{#tag:ref |To protect the privacy of minors who posted or appeared in posts without intending a wider audience, their social media accounts are not being cited unless they clearly expected some level of distribution (ex. a flyer or dozens of people posing together). Other references are needed for these schools: Apopka HS in Apopka, Orange Co; Atlantic Coast HS in Jacksonville, Duval Co; Cypress Creek HS in Orlando, Orange Co; Eustis HS in Eustis, Lake Co; Leto HS in Tampa, Hillsborough Co; Ocoee HS in Orlando, Orange Co; Palmetto HS in Palmetto, Manatee Co; Resilience Charter School in Gainesville, Alachua Co; South Lake HS in Groveland, Lake Co; Sunlake HS in Land o' Lakes, Pasco Co; Fort Clarke MS in Gainesville, Alachua Co; Thurgood Marshall Fundamental MS in St. Petersburg, Pinellas Co; and State College of Florida Collegiate School in Venice, Sarasota Co|group=note}} |
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| − | </div> |
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| − | |||
| − | [[File:DontSayGayWalkout.jpg|thumb|right|280px|Flyer posted by Jack Petocz to call for the statewide #DSGWalkout]] |
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| − | After the House of Representatives passed the bill on February 24, Flagler Palm Coast High School (FPCHS) junior and student activist Jack Petocz began organizing the statewide walkouts via social media with the hashtag <nowiki>#DSGWalkout</nowiki>;<ref name="Petocz: Organizing">{{Cite_web |url=https://twitter.com/Jack_Petocz/status/1496970919293632513 |title="Don't Say Gay" Walkout {{C|tweet}} |author=[https://twitter.com/Jack_Petocz Petocz, Jack] |date=2022-02-24 |archivedate=20220224221115}}</ref> other students across the state answered his call to organize actions at their schools.<ref name="DBNJ: Suspended" /><ref name="GS: Walkout" /><ref name="OS: Walkout" /><ref name="WTSP: Walkout" /><ref name="The Hill: Walkout" /><ref name="NBC: Walkout" /><ref name="Newsweek: Walkout" /> At FPCHS, Alyssa Vidal helped organize the walkout that was originally planned for noon; she said the administration required them to reschedule for the morning due to "security concerns".<ref name="DBNJ: Suspended" /> The school district did not permit teachers to participate, but more than 500 students are estimated to have walked out at FPCHS. Afterward, Petocz was suspended,<ref name="DBNJ: Suspended" /><ref name="FlaglerLive: Walkout" /> or "administratively excused" in the words of the school board attorney, apparently for distributing rainbow pride flags after the principal consulted with the superintendent and warned Petocz not to. The attorney told ''Flagler Live'' that flag distribution was not permissible because the flags were a political statement.<ref name="FlaglerLive: Walkout" /> Flagler County School District spokesman Jason Wheeler told ''The Daytona Beach News-Journal'', "Student leaders were told no flags prior to and at the beginning of the event so as to avoid undue safety concerns and campus disruptions. School administration spoke with the event organizer numerous times about the expectations and parameters so that students could take part in a peaceful, safe protest."<ref name="DBNJ: Suspended" /> After the walkout, Petocz posted a statement on social media about his suspension.<ref name="Petocz: Statement">{{Cite_web |url=https://twitter.com/Jack_Petocz/status/1499517610077085701 |title=Statement from Jack Petocz {{C|tweet}} |author=[https://twitter.com/Jack_Petocz Petocz, Jack] |date=2022-03-22 |archivedate=20220304013413}}</ref> |
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| − | |||
| − | In Tallahassee (Florida's capital city), at least 100 students from Leon High School, Sail High School, and Florida State University met up in front of the historic Capitol building and proceeded to the courtyard. By 1 pm, students had gathered inside the Capitol to protest outside the chambers of the Senate and House of Representatives.<ref name="TD: Walkout" /><ref name="FL Pol: Walkout">{{Cite_web |url=https://floridapolitics.com/archives/503780-tallahassee-students-protest-lgbtq-instruction-bill-inside-florida-capitol |title=Tallahassee students protest LGBTQ instruction bill inside Florida Capitol |author=Delgado, Jason |date=2022-03-03 |archivedate=20220305141434 |work=[https://floridapolitics.com Florida Politics]}}</ref> |
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| − | |||
| − | [[File:DontSayGayWalkout-Capitol.jpg|thumb|center|400px|A group of Tallahassee students protested on March 3, 2022 while the House of Representatives was in the chamber.]] |
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| − | |||
| − | At Pine View School for the Gifted in Sarasota, the walkout was led by the school's first openly gay student class president, Zander Moricz. He said of the bill, "It's devastating to watch Florida move back through history and add to the oppression queer children are already experiencing. The first person I ever came out to was a Pine View teacher, and we've had long conversations about who and where I'd be if I hadn't been able to share myself with them... erasing schools as a place to do this will be deadly, in the literal sense."<ref name="SHT: Walkout" /> |
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| − | |||
| − | Some schools did not permit news media on property and tried to prevent students from speaking to journalists, including Flagler Palm Coast<ref name="DBNJ: Suspended" /> and North Fort Myers.<ref name="FMNP: Walkout" /> |
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| − | |||
| − | Nicole Crane, co-president of Gay-Straight Alliance at Wiregrass High School, told the ''Tampa Bay Times'' that the protest there was marred by mockery of the LGBTQ+ community.<ref name="TBT: Walkout" /> Braden River High School's scheduled 12:00 pm walkout was cancelled moments before it was due to take place. According to Kevin Chapman, executive director of administration for the School District of Manatee County, school leaders received word of "a serious threat" that law enforcement had to investigate; by 12:30 PM, it was found to be a false alarm. At least 30 students demonstrated despite the false alarm and threat of disciplinary action.<ref name="BH: Walkout" /> |
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| − | |||
| − | On Monday, March 7, students held a "Proud to Say Gay" rally and protests at the Capitol. Attendees included university students; students from Leon County's middle and high schools;<ref name="FL Pol: Rally">{{Cite_web |url=https://floridapolitics.com/archives/505173-florida-students-hold-proud-to-say-gay-rally-on-capitol-steps-plan-sit-in-ahead-of-final-vote-on-controversial-bill |title=Florida students hold 'Proud to Say Gay' rally on Capitol steps, plan sit-in ahead of final vote on controversial bill |author=Figueroa IV, Daniel |date=2021-03-07 |archivedate=20220307163854 |work=[https://floridapolitics.com Florida Politics]}}</ref><ref name="OS: Rally">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.orlandosentinel.com/politics/os-ne-dont-say-gay-senate-debate-20220307-bdjy2l2tcjgk7ldvyyduvigqha-story.html |title=Florida Senate presses on with 'don't say gay' bill, ignoring protests |author=Swisher, Skyler and Postal, Leslie |date=2022-03-07 |work=[https://www.orlandosentinel.com Orlando Sentinel] |archiveurl=https://archive.ph/lhn9f}}</ref> teachers and members of a church group from St. Petersburg; advocates from Gainesville, Marianna, Miami, and Orlando; state legislators; and local residents.<ref name="TD: Rally">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.tallahassee.com/story/news/2022/03/07/florida-students-others-make-final-push-against-dont-say-gay-bill-hb-1557-lgbtq-school-teachers/9408449002 |title=Teachers, students, LGBTQ advocates make final push against 'Don't Say Gay' bill |author=Goñi-Lessan, Ana |date=2022-03-07 |work=[https://www.tallahassee.com Tallahassee Democrat] |archiveurl=https://archive.ph/dTpbs}}</ref> |
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| − | |||
| − | ===Impacts of law=== |
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| − | Before the law took effect on July 1, 2022, it inspired other states to propose similar measures, including five Southern states that passed them. In Florida, it has had the chilling effect that activists previously warned about. The Leon County School Board approved a new "LGBTQ Inclusive School Guide" that would alert parents if their child is in a PE class or overnight school trip with another student who is "open about their gender identity". In Orange County, teachers were reportedly warned to avoid wearing rainbow items, remove pictures of same-sex spouses, and take down LGBTQ safe space stickers. Palm Beach County removed the books ''I Am Jazz'' and ''Call Me Max'' from circulation and has asked staff to flag course material or books with LGBTQ references.<ref name="NBC: Roll out">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/nbc-out/out-news/floridas-dont-say-gay-law-takes-effect-schools-roll-lgbtq-restrictions-rcna36143 |title=As Florida's 'Don't Say Gay' law takes effect, schools roll out LGBTQ restrictions |author=Lavietes, Matt |date=2022-06-30 |work=[https://www.nbcnews.com NBC News] |archivedate=20220701011418}}</ref> |
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| − | |||
| − | ==2023 bills== |
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| − | Legislation filed in 2023 includes the following education bills for pre-kindergarten through grade 12. |
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| − | |||
| − | House Bill 1069 is described by Equality Florida as the Regressive Education bill, and House Bill 1223/Senate Bill 1320 as "Don't Say LGBTQ" Expansion.<ref name="EQFL: 2023 Slate">{{Cite_web |url=https://eqfl.org/2023-legislative-slate |title=2023 Equality Florida Legislative Slate |date=2023-03-07 |work=[https://eqfl.org Equality Florida] |archivedate=20230311094106}}</ref> |
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| − | ===HB 1069=== |
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| − | {{Infobox legislation |
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| − | | name = House Bill 1069 |
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| − | | image = |
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| − | | caption = |
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| − | | official = Education {{C|HB 1069}} |
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| − | | type = Bill |
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| − | | location = Florida |
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| − | | purpose = |
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| − | | status = In committee |
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| − | | legislature = House of Representatives |
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| − | | introduction = February 22, 2023 by Representative Stan McClain |
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| − | | outcome = |
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| − | | began = |
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| − | | ended = |
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| − | | support = |
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| − | | oppose = |
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| − | | related = |
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| − | }} |
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| − | House Bill 1069, simply titled "Education", is sponsored by Representative Stan McClain {{C|R-parts of Lake, Marion, and Volusia, district 27}} and co-introducer Rep. Ralph E. Massullo {{C|R-Citrus and part of Marion, district 23}}. On March 15, 2023, the Education Quality Subcommittee found its committee substitute favorable. CS/HB 1069 next goes to the Education & Employment Committee.<ref name="HB 1069">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Bills/billsdetail.aspx?BillId=77849 |title=CS/HB 1069 - Education |work=[https://www.myfloridahouse.gov Florida House of Representatives]}}</ref> Various parts are similar and in some cases identical to SB 1320 "Child Protection in Public Schools" by Sen. Clay Yarborough. |
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| − | |||
| − | If enacted, CS/HB 1069 would take effect on July 1, 2023, with these sections: |
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| − | *'''Section 1:''' Add a systemwide definition to the Florida Early Learning-20 Education Code that ''"'Sex' means the classification of a person as either female or male based on the organization of the body of such person for a specific reproductive role, as indicated by the person's sex chromosomes, naturally occurring sex hormones, and internal and external genitalia present at birth."'' (wording via amendment 137545)<ref name="HB 1069" /> {{C|Identical in CS: HB 1223, Section 1; Similar: SB 1320, Section 1}} |
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| − | *'''Section 2:''' Changes language in s. 1003.42 from ''"All instructional materials, as defined in s. 1006.29(2), used to teach reproductive health or any disease, including HIV/AIDS, its symptoms, development, and treatment, as part of the courses referenced in subsection (5), must be annually approved by a district school board in an open, noticed public meeting."'' to ''"All materials used to teach reproductive health or any disease, including HIV/AIDS, its symptoms, development, and treatment, as part of the courses referenced in subsection (5), must be approved by the department."''<ref name="HB 1069" /> {{C|Identical: SB 1320, Section 4}} |
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| − | *'''Section 3:''' Amending s. 1003.46(2) (instruction about AIDS, STIs, and health education, when it includes human sexuality): |
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| − | **Limiting to grades 6 through 12.<ref name="HB 1069" /> |
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| − | **''"Teach that sex is determined by biology and reproductive function at birth; that biological males impregnate biological females by fertilizing the female egg with male sperm; that the female then gestates the offspring; and that these reproductive roles are binary, stable, and unchangeable."''<ref name="HB 1069" /> |
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| − | **Adds that materials used must be approved by the Department of Education.<ref name="HB 1069" /> |
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| − | **Renumbers without modifying existing items in s. 1003.46(2) (such as abstinence only and emphasizing "benefits of monogamous heterosexual marriage").<ref name="HB 1069" /> {{C|Similar: SB 1320, Section 5}} |
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| − | *'''Section 4:''' |
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| − | **Adds language about "classroom library" and "accessible" throughout.<ref name="HB 1069" /> {{C|Similar: SB 1320, Section 6}} |
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| − | **Adds requirements for district school boards to have on their website: |
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| − | ***An easily read and understood objection form on the homepage, identifying the district's point of contact and contact information, to submit objections under the existing statutes.<ref name="HB 1069" /> {{C|Similar: SB 1320, Section 6}} |
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| − | ***A process for a parent to limit the books and media materials their student can access in the school library.<ref name="HB 1069" /> {{C|Identical: SB 1320, Section 6)}} |
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| − | **Adds to content that can be objected to: ''"Depicts or describes sexual conduct as defined in [http://www.leg.state.fl.us/statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&URL=0800-0899/0847/0847.html s. 847.001(19)]"'' (ex. any depiction or description of sex that is not potentially procreative in a heterosexual marriage) except where required by other statutes or the State Board of Education.<ref name="HB 1069" /> {{C|Similar: SB 1320, Section 6}} |
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| − | **Any material that is allegedly pornographic, harmful to minors, or depicts or describes sexual conduct must be removed within 5 days of receiving the objection and remain unavailable until the objection is resolved. Parents have the right to read passages from material objected to, but if the school board denies them, the school district must discontinue use of the material. The school district must discontinue use of any other material the district school board finds if it contains prohibited content (sexual conduct, not suitable to student needs or ability to comprehend, inappropriate for grade level and age group). (Amendment 280585)<ref name="HB 1069" /> {{C|Similar: SB 1320, Section 6}} |
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| − | **Committees must notify the public of meetings to resolve a parent's or resident's objection and the meetings must be open to the public.<ref name="HB 1069" /> {{C|Identical: SB 1320, Section 6}} |
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| − | **If a parent or resident disagrees with the district school board's determination about an objection, they can request a special magistrate (with various details comparable to when a parent objects about instruction on gender identity or sexual orientation). (Amendment 153903)<ref name="HB 1069" /> |
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| − | **Adds to the district school board's required annual reports that they provide rationale for not removing or discontinuing material that was objected to.<ref name="HB 1069" /> {{C|Identical: SB 1320, Section 6}} |
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| − | **District school boards must notify parents about how to object to materials.<ref name="HB 1069" /> {{C|Identical: SB 1320, Section 6}} |
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| − | *'''Section 5:''' Reenacts various Florida Statutes to incorporate this amendment.<ref name="HB 1069" /> {{C|Identical: SB 1320, Section 7}} |
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| − | |||
| − | ===HB 1223=== |
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| − | {{Infobox legislation |
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| − | | name = House Bill 1223 |
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| − | | image = |
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| − | | caption = |
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| − | | official = Public PreK-12 Educational Institution and Instruction Requirements {{C|HB 1223}} |
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| − | | type = Bill |
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| − | | location = Florida |
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| − | | purpose = |
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| − | | status = In committee |
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| − | | legislature = House of Representatives |
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| − | | introduction = February 28, 2023 by Representative Adam Anderson |
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| − | | outcome = |
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| − | | began = |
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| − | | ended = |
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| − | | support = |
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| − | | oppose = |
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| − | | related = |
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| − | }} |
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| − | House Bill 1223, titled "Public PreK-12 Educational Institution and Instruction Requirements", is sponsored by Representative Adam Anderson {{C|R-part of Pinellas, district 57}} co-sponsors Rep. Jessica Baker {{C|R-part of Duval, district 17}}, Rep. Douglas Michael Bankson {{C|R-parts of Orange and Seminole, district 39}}, Rep. Dean Black {{C|R-Nassau and part of Duval, district 15}}, Rep. Randy Fine {{C|R-part of Brevard, district 33}}, and Rep. Spencer Roach {{C|R-De Soto and parts of Charlotte and Lee, district 76}}. On March 14, the Choice & Innovation Subcommittee found its committee substitute favorable. CS/HB 1223 next goes to the Education & Employment Committee.<ref name="HB 1223">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Bills/billsdetail.aspx?BillId=78006 |title=CS/HB 1223 - Public PreK-12 Educational Institution and Instruction Requirements |work=[https://www.myfloridahouse.gov Florida House of Representatives]}}</ref> Various parts are similar and in some cases identical to SB 1320 "Child Protection in Public Schools" by Sen. Clay Yarborough, and one section is identical to CS/HB 1069. |
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| − | |||
| − | If enacted, CS/HB 1223 would take effect on July 1, 2023, with these sections: |
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| − | *'''Section 1:''' Add a systemwide definition to the Florida Early Learning-20 Education Code that ''"'Sex' means the classification of a person as either female or male based on the organization of the body of such person for a specific reproductive role, as indicated by the person's sex chromosomes, naturally occurring sex hormones, and internal and external genitalia present at birth."''<ref name="HB 1223" /> {{C|Identical: HB 1069, Section 1; Similar: SB 1320, Section 1}} |
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| − | *'''Section 2:''' Creates 1000.071: |
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| − | *#In public kindergarten through grade 12 educational institutions, add a policy that ''"a person's sex is an immutable biological trait and that it is false to ascribe to a person a pronoun that does not correspond to such person's sex."'' The committee substitute added language that it ''"does not apply to individuals born with a genetically or biochemically verifiable disorder of sex development,"'' with examples of intersex traits that it includes but is not limited to.<ref name="HB 1223" /> {{C|Original pre-CS identical: SB 1320, Section 2 #1}} |
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| − | *#In public K-12 educational institutions, an employee, contractor, or student may not be required to use another person's ''"preferred personal title or pronouns if such personal title or pronouns do not correspond to that person's sex"'' in order to be employed, enrolled, or participate in a program.<ref name="HB 1223" /> {{C|Similar: SB 1320, Section 2 #2}} |
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| − | *#In public K-12 educational institutions, an employee/contractor may not provide a student with ''"his or her preferred personal title or pronouns if such preferred personal title or pronouns do not correspond to his or her sex."''<ref name="HB 1223" /> {{C|Similar: SB 1320, Section 2 #3}} |
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| − | *#In public K-12 educational institutions, a student may not be asked by an employee or contractor to provide or be penalized or discriminated against for not providing ''"his or her preferred personal title or pronouns"''.<ref name="HB 1223" /> {{C|Similar: SB 1320, Section 2 #4}} |
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| − | *#Authorizes the State Board of Education to adopt rules to administer Section 2.<ref name="HB 1223" /> {{C|Similar: SB 1320, Section 2 #5}} |
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| − | *'''Section 3:''' |
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| − | **Expands the previous Don't Say Gay or Trans to encompass prekindergarten through grade 8 (currently kindergarten through grade 3), limits age-/developmentally-appropriate instruction on sexual orientation or gender identity to grades 9-12, and also applies it to charter schools.<ref name="HB 1223" /> {{C|Similar: SB 1320, Section 3}} |
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| − | **Adds a website requirement (for school districts and their procedures for parents to make complaints and potentially sue).<ref name="HB 1223" /> |
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| − | *'''Section 4:''' ''"Private prekindergarten providers and public schools may not provide instruction on sexual orientation or gender identity."''<ref name="HB 1223" /> |
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| − | *'''Section 5:''' Reenacts various Florida Statutes to incorporate this amendment.<ref name="HB 1223" /> |
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| − | *'''Section 6:''' Separates the provisions and applications of the act so that if any part becomes invalid, other non-dependent parts remain in effect.<ref name="HB 1223" /> {{C|Similar: SB 1320, Section 8}} |
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| − | |||
| − | ===SB 1320=== |
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| − | {{Infobox legislation |
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| − | | name = Senate Bill 1320 |
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| − | | image = |
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| − | | caption = |
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| − | | official = Child Protection in Public Schools {{C|SB 1320}} |
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| − | | type = Bill |
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| − | | location = Florida |
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| − | | purpose = |
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| − | | status = In committee |
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| − | | legislature = Senate |
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| − | | introduction = March 1, 2023 by Senator Clay Yarborough |
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| − | | outcome = |
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| − | | began = |
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| − | | ended = |
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| − | | support = |
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| − | | oppose = |
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| − | | related = |
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| − | }} |
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| − | Senate Bill 1320, titled "Child Protection in Public Schools", was introduced by Senator Clay Yarborough {{C|R-Nassau and part of Duval, district 4}} and co-introduced by Sen. Keith Perry {{C|R-Levy, Marion, and part of Alachua, district 9}}. Its first committee stop is Education Pre-K-12 on March 20.<ref name="SB 1320">{{Cite_web |url=https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Bill/2023/1320/ |title=SB 1320: Child Protection in Public Schools |work=[https://www.flsenate.gov Florida Senate]}}</ref> Various parts are similar and in some cases identical to HB 1069 "Education" by Rep. Stan McClain or to HB 1223 "Public PreK-12 Educational Institution and Instruction Requirements" by Rep. Adam Anderson, and others are specific to this bill. |
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| − | |||
| − | If enacted, SB 1320 would take effect on July 1, 2023, with these sections:<ref name="SB 1320" /> |
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| − | *'''Section 1:''' Add a systemwide definition to the Florida Early Learning-20 Education Code that ''"'Sex' means the classification of a human person as being either male or female based on the organization of the body of such person for a specific reproductive role, as indicated by the person's sex chromosomes, naturally occurring sex hormones, and internal and external genitalia present at birth."''<ref name="SB 1320" /> {{C|Almost identical: CS/HB 1069, Section 1; Similar: HB 1223, Section 1}} |
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| − | *'''Section 2:''' |
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| − | *#In public kindergarten through grade 12 educational institutions, add a policy that ''"a person's sex is an immutable biological trait and that it is false to ascribe to a person a pronoun that does not correspond to such person's sex."''<ref name="SB 1320" /> {{C|Identical: pre-CS HB 1223, Section 2 #1 but missing CS/HB 1223's amendment re: intersex traits}} |
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| − | *#In public K-12 educational institutions, no employee, contractor, or students may be required to use another person's ''"preferred personal title or pronoun that does not correspond to that person's sex"'' in order to be employed, enrolled, or participate in a program.<ref name="SB 1320" /> {{C|Similar: HB 1223, Section 2 #2}} |
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| − | *#In public K-12 educational institutions, no employee or contractor may provide students with ''"his or her preferred personal title or pronouns if such personal title or pronouns do not correspond to his or her sex."''<ref name="SB 1320" /> {{C|Similar: HB 1223, Section 2 #3}} |
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| − | *#No student may be asked for or be penalized or discriminated against for not providing ''"his or her preferred personal titles or pronouns"''.<ref name="SB 1320" /> {{C|Similar: HB 1223, Section 2 #4}} |
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| − | *#Authorizes the State Board of Education to adopt rules consistent with Section 2.<ref name="SB 1320" /> {{C|Similar: HB 1223, Section 2 #5}} |
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| − | *'''Section 3:''' |
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| − | **Expands the previous Don't Say Gay or Trans to encompass prekindergarten through grade 8 (currently kindergarten through grade 3) and limits age-/developmentally-appropriate instruction on sexual orientation or gender identity to grades 9-12.<ref name="SB 1320" /> {{C|Similar: HB 1223, Section 3}} |
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| − | **Strikes a subparagraph from Florida Statute 1001.42 about parents bringing action against school districts.<ref name="SB 1320" /> |
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| − | *'''Section 4:''' Changes language in 1003.42 from ''"All instructional materials, as defined in s. 1006.29(2), used to teach reproductive health or any disease, including HIV/AIDS, its symptoms, development, and treatment, as part of the courses referenced in subsection (5), must be annually approved by a district school board in an open, noticed public meeting."'' to ''"All materials used to teach reproductive health or any disease, including HIV/AIDS, its symptoms, development, and treatment, as part of the courses referenced in subsection (5), must be approved by the department."''<ref name="SB 1320" /> {{C|Identical: HB 1069, Section 2}} |
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| − | *'''Section 5:''' Health education must classify males and females according to Section 1, "teach that biological males impregnate biological females by fertilizing the female's egg with the male's sperm; that the female then gestates the offspring; and that these reproductive roles are binary, stable, and unchangeable." Adds that materials used must be approved by the department. Renumbers the existing items in 1003.46 (such as abstinence only and emphasizing heterosexual marriage).<ref name="SB 1320" /> {{C|Similar: HB 1069, Section 3}} |
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| − | *'''Section 6:''' Expands upon parental and resident objections to materials: |
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| − | **Adds language about "classroom library" and "accessible" throughout.<ref name="SB 1320" /> {{C|Similar: HB 1069, Section 4}} |
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| − | **Adds requirements for district school boards to have on their website: |
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| − | ***An easily read and understood objection form (for the existing processes for parents and residents to object to materials) on the homepage.<ref name="SB 1320" /> {{C|Similar: HB 1069, Section 4}} |
||
| − | ***A process for a parent to limit the books and media materials their student can access in the school library.<ref name="SB 1320" /> {{C|Identical: HB 1069, Section 4}} |
||
| − | **Adds to content that can be objected to: ''"Depicts or describes sexual conduct as defined in [http://www.leg.state.fl.us/statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&URL=0800-0899/0847/0847.html s. 847.001]"'' (ex. any depiction or description of sex that is not potentially procreative in a heterosexual marriage).<ref name="SB 1320" /> {{C|Similar: HB 1069, Section 4}} |
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| − | **Any material that is allegedly pornographic, harmful to minors, or depicts or describes sexual conduct must be unavailable to students until the objection is resolved. Parents can read aloud excerpts at public meetings.<ref name="SB 1320" /> {{C|Similar: HB 1069, Section 4}} |
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| − | **Committees must notify the public of meetings to resolve a parent's or resident's objection and the meetings must be open to the public.<ref name="SB 1320" /> {{C|Identical: HB 1069, Section 4}} |
||
| − | **Adds to the district school board's required annual reports that they provide rationale for not removing or discontinuing material that was objected to.<ref name="SB 1320" /> {{C|Identical: HB 1069, Section 4}} |
||
| − | **District school boards must notify parents about how to object to materials.<ref name="SB 1320" /> {{C|Identical: HB 1069, Section 4)}} |
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| − | *'''Section 7:''' Reenacts various Florida Statutes to incorporate this amendment.<ref name="SB 1320" /> {{C|Identical: HB 1069, Section 5}} |
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| − | *'''Section 8:''' Separates the provisions and applications of the act so that if any part becomes invalid, other non-dependent parts remain in effect.<ref name="SB 1320" /> {{C|Similar: HB 1069, Section 6}} |
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==Resources== |
==Resources== |
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| + | *[https://lgbt.appstate.edu/lgbt-identities-and-sexualities LGBT Online Resource: Terms, Culture, Definitions] |
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| − | ===Legislation-related=== |
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| + | *[https://uwm.edu/lgbtrc/support/glossary-of-terms/ Glossary of terms] |
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| − | {{Scroll|content= |
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| − | *On the [https://www.myfloridahouse.gov Florida House of Representatives] website: |
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| − | **[https://www.myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Bills/billsdetail.aspx?BillId=76545 CS/CS/HB 1557 - Parental Rights in Education] {{C|House of Representatives bill}} |
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| − | **[https://myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Bills/billsdetail.aspx?BillId=76288& SB 1834] {{C|House website's presentation of the Senate bill}} |
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| − | **{{Cite_web |url=https://www.myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Documents/loaddoc.aspx?PublicationType=Committees&CommitteeId=3105&Session=2022&DocumentType=Meeting+Packets&FileName=eec+1-20-22.pdf |title=Education & Employment Committee: Meeting Packet |date=2022-01-20 |format=PDF}} {{C|before meeting}} |
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| − | **{{Cite_web |url=https://www.myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Documents/loaddoc.aspx?PublicationType=Committees&CommitteeId=3105&Session=2022&DocumentType=Action+Packets&FileName=eec+1-20-22.pdf |title=Education & Employment Committee: Action Packet |date=2022-01-20 |format=PDF}} {{C|after meeting}} |
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| − | **{{Cite_web |url=https://www.myfloridahouse.gov/CommitteeMeetingAppearanceListing?billnumber=1557&termid=89&sessionid=93&billid=76545&committeeid=3095&committeemeetingid=13486 |title=Education & Employment Committee Meeting Appearance Listing, Bill: 1557 |date=2022-01-20}} |
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| − | **{{Cite_web |url=https://www.myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Documents/loaddoc.aspx?PublicationType=Committees&CommitteeId=3095&Session=2022&DocumentType=Meeting+Packets&FileName=jdc+2-17-22.pdf |title=Judiciary Committee: Meeting Packet |date=2022-02-17 |format=PDF}} {{C|before meeting}} |
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| − | **{{Cite_web |url=https://www.myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Documents/loaddoc.aspx?PublicationType=Committees&CommitteeId=3095&Session=2022&DocumentType=Action+Packets&FileName=jdc+2-17-22+REVISED.pdf |title=Judiciary Committee: AMENDED Action Packet |date=2022-02-17 |format=PDF}} {{C|after meeting}} |
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| − | **{{Cite_web |url=https://www.myfloridahouse.gov/CommitteeMeetingAppearanceListing?billnumber=1557&termid=89&sessionid=93&billid=76545&committeeid=3095&committeemeetingid=13486 |title=Judiciary Committee Meeting Appearance Listing, Bill: 1557 |date=2022-02-17}} |
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| − | **{{Cite_web |url=https://myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Documents/loaddoc.aspx?PublicationType=Session&CommitteeId=&Session=2022&DocumentType=Journals&FileName=House+Journal+No.25%2c+February+22%2c+2022+(Tuesday).pdf |title=The Journal of the House of Representatives, Number 25 |format=PDF |date=2022-02-22}} |
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| − | **{{Cite_web |url=https://myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Documents/loaddoc.aspx?PublicationType=Session&CommitteeId=&Session=2022&DocumentType=Journals&FileName=House+Journal+No.27%2c+February+24%2c+2022+(Thursday).pdf |title=The Journal of the House of Representatives, Number 27 |format=PDF |date=2022-02-24}} |
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| − | |||
| − | *On the [https://www.flsenate.gov Florida Senate] website: |
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| − | **[https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Bill/2022/1834 SB 1834] {{C|Senate bill}} |
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| − | **[https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Bill/2022/1557 CS/CS/HB 1557] {{C|Senate website's presentation of the House bill taken up by Senate}} |
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| − | **{{Cite_web| url=https://www.flsenate.gov/Committees/Show/ED/MeetingPacket/5483/9906_MeetingPacket_5483_2.pdf |title=Committee Meeting Expanded Agenda: Education (Final Meeting Packet) |date=2022-02-08 |format=PDF}} {{C|after meeting}} |
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| − | **{{Cite_web| url=https://www.flsenate.gov/Committees/Show/AP/MeetingPacket/5511/9948_MeetingPacket_5511_4.pdf |title=Committee Meeting Expanded Agenda: Appropriations (Final Meeting Packet) |date=2022-02-28 |format=PDF}} {{C|after meeting}} |
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| − | **{{Cite_web |url=https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Journals/2022/3-7-2022 |title=Journal of the Senate, Number 20 |format=PDF |date=2022-03-07 |work=[https://www.flsenate.gov Florida Senate]}} |
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| − | **{{Cite_web |url=https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Journals/2022/3-8-2022 |title=Journal of the Senate, Number 21 |format=PDF |date=2022-03-08 |work=[https://www.flsenate.gov Florida Senate]}} |
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| − | |||
| − | *On ''[https://thefloridachannel.org The Florida Channel]'': |
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| − | **[https://thefloridachannel.org/videos/1-20-22-house-education-employment-committee 1/20/22 House Education & Employment Committee] — hearing of HB 1557 begins at 47:20 |
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| − | **[https://thefloridachannel.org/videos/2-8-22-senate-committee-on-education 2/8/22 Senate Committee on Education] — hearing of SB 1834 begins at 23:00 and continues to end |
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| − | **[https://thefloridachannel.org/videos/2-17-22-house-judiciary-committee 2/17/22 House Judiciary Committee] — hearing of CS/HB 1557 begins at 30:30 and continues to end |
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| − | **[https://thefloridachannel.org/videos/2-24-22-house-session-part-1 2/24/22 House Session Part 1] — hearing of CS/CS/HB 1557 begins at 2:06:10 and continues to end |
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| − | **[https://thefloridachannel.org/videos/2-28-22-senate-committee-on-appropriations-part-1 2/28/22 Senate Committee on Appropriations Part 1] — hearing of CS/CS/HB 1557 begins at 0:02:40 and continues to 3:08:20 |
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| − | **{{Cite_web |url=https://thefloridachannel.org/videos/3-7-22-senate-session-part-3 |title=3/7/22 Senate Session Part 3 |date=2022-03-07 |work=[https://thefloridachannel.org The Florida Channel]}} — special order for CS/CS/HB 1557 begins at 0:11:27 and continues to 3:57:42 |
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| − | **{{Cite_web |url=https://thefloridachannel.org/videos/3-8-22-senate-session |title=3/8/22 Senate Session |date=2022-03-08 |work=[https://thefloridachannel.org The Florida Channel]}} — third reading of CS/CS/HB 1557 begins at 0:05:20 and continues to 2:34:34 |
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| − | }} |
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| − | |||
| − | ===News reports=== |
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| − | See the article references for more. |
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| − | |||
| − | {{Scroll|content= |
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| − | *On ''[https://floridapolitics.com Florida Politics]'': |
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| − | **{{Cite_web |url=https://floridapolitics.com/archives/494491-this-is-fear-mongering-parents-teachers-slam-senate-bill-limiting-primary-school-talk-about-lgbtq-community |title='This is fear-mongering': Parents, teachers slam Senate bill limiting primary school talk about LGBTQ community |author=[https://floridapolitics.com/archives/author/khayes Hayes, Kelly] |date=2022-02-08 |archivedate=20220225222321 |work=[https://floridapolitics.com Florida Politics]}} |
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| − | **{{Cite_web |url=https://floridapolitics.com/archives/496361-equality-florida-launches-ad-campaign-combatting-dont-say-gay-classroom-censorship-legislation |title=Equality Florida launches ad campaign combating 'don't say gay,' classroom censorship legislation |author=[https://floridapolitics.com/archives/author/khayes Hayes, Kelly] |date=2021-02-14 |archivedate=20220225222944 |work=[https://floridapolitics.com Florida Politics]}} |
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| − | **{{Cite_web |url=https://floridapolitics.com/archives/497089-jimmy-patronis-defends-organic-legislative-process-amid-bill-restricting-lgbtq-discussions |title=Jimmy Patronis defends 'organic' legislative process on bill restricting LGBTQ discussions |author=[https://floridapolitics.com/archives/author/gancarski Gancarski, A.G.] |date=2022-02-15 |archivedate=20220225224329 |work=[https://floridapolitics.com Florida Politics]}} |
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| − | **{{Cite_web |url=https://floridapolitics.com/archives/498896-gop-proposed-amendment-on-lgbtq-instruction-bill-raises-tensions-among-critics |title=GOP proposed amendment on LGBTQ instruction bill raises tensions among critics |author=[https://floridapolitics.com/archives/author/delgado Delgado, Jason] |date=2022-02-21 |archivedate=20220225224408 |work=[https://floridapolitics.com Florida Politics]}} <!--t 14:27--> |
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| − | **{{Cite_web |url=https://floridapolitics.com/archives/499003-grooming-children-for-hate-dem-lawmakers-lgbtq-activists-rally-against-amendments-to-lgbtq-instruction-bill |title='Grooming children for hate': Dem lawmakers, LGBTQ activists rally against amendments to LGBTQ instruction bill |author=[https://floridapolitics.com/archives/author/figueroa Figueroa IV, Daniel] |date=2022-02-21 |archivedate=20220225224433 |work=[https://floridapolitics.com Florida Politics]}} <!--t 18:50--> |
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| − | **{{Cite_web |url=https://floridapolitics.com/archives/499452-nikki-fried-says-its-a-dark-day-as-house-readies-to-pass-bill-limiting-discussion-of-lgbtq-issues-in-schools |title=Nikki Fried says it's a 'dark day' as House readies to pass bill limiting discussion of LGBTQ issues in schools |author=[https://floridapolitics.com/archives/author/figueroa Figueroa IV, Daniel] |date=2022-02-22 |archivedate=20220225224529 |work=[https://floridapolitics.com Florida Politics]}} <!--t 20:40 --> |
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| − | **{{Cite_web |url=https://floridapolitics.com/archives/500856-jeff-brandes-seeks-broader-human-sexuality-wording-in-bill-regulating-lgbtq-school-discussions |title=Jeff Brandes seeks broader 'human sexuality' wording in bill regulating LGBTQ school discussions |author=[https://floridapolitics.com/archives/author/renzo Downey, Renzo] |date=2022-02-25 |archivedate=20220225222200 |work=[https://floridapolitics.com Florida Politics]}} |
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| − | **{{Cite_web |url=https://floridapolitics.com/archives/504897-students-faith-leaders-to-rally-monday-at-the-capitol-against-dont-say-gay-bill |title=Students, faith leaders to rally Monday at the Capitol against 'Don't Say Gay' bill |author=Scheckner, Jesse |date=2022-03-06 |archivedate=20220307061335 |work=[https://floridapolitics.com Florida Politics]}} |
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| − | **{{Cite_web |url=https://floridapolitics.com/archives/504879-gov-desantis-spokesperson-labels-sex-ed-bills-opponents-groomers |title=Gov. DeSantis spokesperson labels sex ed bill's opponents 'groomers' |author=Powers, Scott |date=2022-03-06 |archivedate=20220307061351 |work=[https://floridapolitics.com Florida Politics]}} |
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| − | **{{Cite_web |url=https://floridapolitics.com/archives/506692-facing-lgbtq-backlash-disney-outlines-next-steps-in-dont-say-gay-controversy/ |title=Facing LGBTQ+ backlash, Disney outlines next steps in 'Don't Say Gay' controversy |author=Russon, Gabrielle |date=2022-03-09 |archivedate=20220310082816 |work=[https://floridapolitics.com Florida Politics]}} |
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| − | |||
| − | *Other Florida news outlets: |
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| − | **{{Cite_web |url=https://www.tampabay.com/news/florida-politics/2022/02/08/floridas-dont-say-gay-bills-explained |title=Florida's 'don't say gay' bills, explained |author=Wilson, Kirby |date=2022-02-08 |work=[https://www.tampabay.com Tampa Bay Times] |archivedate=20220224032109}} |
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| − | **{{Cite_web |url=https://www.tampabay.com/news/education/2022/02/21/latest-proposed-change-to-floridas-dont-say-gay-bill-riles-democrats |title=Latest proposed change to Florida's 'don't say gay' bill riles Democrats |author=Solochek, Jeffrey S. |date=2022-02-21 |work=[https://www.tampabay.com Tampa Bay Times] |archivedate=20220227210818}} |
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| − | **{{Cite_web |url=https://www.tampabay.com/news/florida-politics/2022/02/22/florida-house-democrats-republicans-clash-over-crt-dont-say-gay-bills |title=Florida House Democrats, Republicans clash over 'CRT', 'don't say gay' bills |author=Ceballos, Ana and Solochek, Jeffrey S. |date=2022-02-22 |work=[https://www.tampabay.com Tampa Bay Times] |archivedate=20220227210910}} |
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| − | **{{Cite_web |url=https://www.tampabay.com/news/florida-politics/2022/02/24/florida-house-approves-crt-dont-say-gay-bills |title=Florida House approves CRT, 'don't say gay' bills |author=Solochek, Jeffrey S. |date=2022-02-24 |work=[https://www.tampabay.com Tampa Bay Times] |archivedate=20220227064518}} |
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| − | **{{Cite_web |url=https://watermarkonline.com/2022/02/24/dont-say-gay-bill-passes-the-florida-house |title='Don't Say Gay' bill passes the Florida House |author=Williams, Jeremy |date=2022-02-24 |archivedate=20220227032503 |work=[https://watermarkonline.com Watermark]}} |
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| − | **{{Cite_web |url=https://www.wfla.com/news/education/florida-dont-say-gay-bill-gets-final-vote-in-house-session |title=Florida 'Don't Say Gay' bill passes House floor vote |author=Donovan, Evan |date=2022-02-24 |archivedate=20220228053115}} |
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| − | **{{Cite_web |url=https://www.miamiherald.com/news/article258745803.html |title=Florida House passes GOP 'Don't Say Gay' bill |author=Izaguirre, Anthony (Associated Press) |date=2022-02-25 |archivedate=20220227210835 |work=[https://www.miamiherald.com Miami Herald]}} |
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| − | **{{Cite_web |url=https://apnews.com/article/dont-say-gay-bill-passes-florida-legislature-b173917e985833963e45a8d0464a4399 |title='Don't Say Gay' bill passes in Florida, goes to governor |author=Izaguirre, Anthony |date=2022-03-08 |archivedate=20220308232416 |work=[https://apnews.com AP News]}} |
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| − | |||
| − | *National and world news: |
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| − | **{{Cite_web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2022/jan/24/florida-republican-committee-dont-say-gay-bill |title=Florida: Republican panel advances bill to ban LGBTQ+ discussion in schools |author=Yang, Maya |date=2022-01-24 |archivedate=20220227212457 |work=[https://www.theguardian.com The Guardian]}} |
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| − | **{{Cite_web |url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/floridas-dont-say-gay-bill-is-as-vicious-as-it-sounds |title=Florida's 'Don't Say Gay' Bill Is as Vicious as It Sounds |author=Daly, Michael |date=2022-02-10 |archivedate=20220228052603 |work=[https://www.thedailybeast.com The Daily Beast]}} |
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| − | **{{Cite_web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-60514226 |title=Florida House of Representatives passes 'Don't Say Gay' bill |date=2022-02-24 |work=[https://www.bbc.com BBC News] |archivedate=20220227212334}} |
||
| − | **{{Cite_web |url=https://thehill.com/changing-america/respect/equality/595713-florida-house-passes-dont-say-gay-bill |title=Florida House passes 'Don't Say Gay' bill |author=Migdon, Brooke |date=2022-02-24 |archivedate=20220227211751 |work=[https://thehill.com The Hill]}} |
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| − | **{{Cite_web |url=https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2022/02/florida-dont-say-gay-bill-lgbtq |title=Florida's Bigoted 'Don't Say Gay' Bill Is on Its Way to Becoming Law |author=Levin, Bess |date=2022-02-25 |work=[https://www.vanityfair.com Vanity Fair] |archivedate=20220227081104}} |
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| − | **{{Cite_web |url=https://www.npr.org/2022/03/08/1085190476/florida-senate-passes-a-controversial-schools-bill-labeled-dont-say-gay-by-criti |title=Florida Senate passes a controversial schools bill labeled 'Don't Say Gay' by critics |author=Davis, Wynne |date=2022-03-08 |work=[https://www.npr.org NPR] |archivedate=20220309073533}} |
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| − | }} |
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==Notes== |
==Notes== |
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| − | + | <references group="note" /> |
|
==References== |
==References== |
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| − | + | {{Reflist}} |
|
| + | [[de:Achilleisch]] |
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| + | [[es:Aquileano]] |
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| + | [[pt-br:Aquileano]] |
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Revision as of 21:16, 18 March 2023
Achillean refers to anyone who is attracted to other men and man-aligned people.[note 1] This describes all sexual orientations in which one is attracted to men or man-aligned people, serving as an umbrella term for people who are gay, pansexual, bisexual, queer, or other sexualities in which anyone identifying as those orientations may be attracted to men and man-aligned people.
Etymology
The term "achillean" refers to the Greek hero Achilles. Its 21st century use to describe sexualities is modelled after the term "sapphic", which is used to describe anyone who is attracted to women.[1]
Community
History
Achilles himself is a famous figure in Greek mythology. In relation to sexuality, Achilles had a relationship with another character, Patroclus, that is said to have romantic connotations. In Homer's Iliad, in which their relationship plays a crucial part in the story, Achilles described Patroclus as being the "man I loved beyond all other comrades, loved as my own life." After Homer's iteration, the relationship between the two men was depicted as a love affair.[2]
Theocritus' Idyll XXIX, a love poem from a man to a boy, includes a phrase addressing their future: "ἀλλάλοισι πελώμεθ' Ἀχιλλέιοι φίλοι" (alláloisi pelómeth' Achilléioi fíloi). It has received loose poetic translations from the Aeolic Greek dialect into English, such as "we'll be Achilles and his friend,"[3] "we may be to one another as Achilles and his friend" with the meaning noted as "such friends as were Achilles and Patroclus,"[4] and "be friends to each other like Achilles and Patroclus;" however, the literal translation is "be Achillean friends to each other."[5]
The word "Achillean" has historically been used to describe all things relating to the aforementioned Achilles. An early use of the term in English to describe sexuality was in John Addington Symonds's 1883 book A Problem in Greek Ethics (chapters III and X). Symonds (1840 – 1893), an English author and advocate of male love, spoke about the "Achilleian friendship" as an ideal of manly love, devoid of effeminacy, emphasizing that the love between Achilles and Patroclus had, as its most important aspects, loyalty and mutual goodwill. The "Achilleian friendship", which for him was synonymous with Greek heroism and Greek love (heroic male-male love), would have ended with the defeat of the hitherto invincible Sacred Band of Thebes, which was composed of 150 pairs of male lovers, against the army of Philip II of Macedon. However, Philip's young son and heir Alexander the Great sought to revive it when he and his lover Hephaestion ran naked around the joint tomb of Achilles and Patroclus in Troy to honor their heroes:[6]
"At Chaeronea, Greek liberty, Greek heroism, and Greek love, properly so-called, expired. It is not unworthy of notice that the son of the conqueror, young Alexander, endeavoured to revive the tradition of Achilleian friendship. [...] Homer was his invariable companion upon his marches; in the Troad he paid special honour to the tomb of Achilles, running naked races round the barrow in honour of the hero [...]. The historians of his life relate that, while he was indifferent to women, he was madly given to the love of males. This the story of his sorrow for Hephaistion sufficiently confirms."[6]
See also A.C. Hamilton's 1959 article titled, "Spenser's Treatment of Myth":
"Guyon subdues these Achillean affections through his own power; but they break out again as Cymochles lapses into lust and Pyrochles burns in the idle lake."[7]
Flag
A simple version of the achillean flag, designed by DeviantArt user Pride-Flags.
In ancient Rome and 19th century England, green indicated gay affiliations. Victorian men would often pin a green carnation on their lapel, as popularized by author Oscar Wilde.[8]
The first iteration of the achillean flag was created by Tumblr user pridenpositivity in 2016.[9] This this version was later redesigned by DeviantArt user Pride-Flags on October 5, 2016.[10]
Distinction
Gay
- Main article: Gay
The word "achillean" is often confused for the term gay or is wrongly perceived to have the same meaning. However, gay describes a sexuality with attraction exclusively to people of the same gender. Achillean encompasses all men who are attracted to other men, including men who are also attracted to other genders in addition to men, such as men who may be bisexual, pansexual, queer, or other sexualities.[1]
Resources
Notes
- ↑ Gender identity is a personal experience, so defining "man-aligned" may lead to different answers depending on whom you ask, but it generally refers to a non-binary person who is partially aligned or identifies with being male, with masculinity, and/or with manhood. They may or may not individually identify with this term, and their identity may be fluid between others. Its use here attempts to encapsulate multiple identities without listing each possibility.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer Plus (LGBTQ+) Resource Center: "Glossary of Terms". uwm.edu. (Archived on November 18, 2021).
- ↑ "Who was Achilles?". The British Museum Blog.
- ↑ Translated by J. M. Edmonds. "Idyll XXIX". The Greek Bucolic Poets. The Loeb Classical Library, 1912. (web archive)
- ↑ Translated by A. S. F. Gow. "Idyll XXIX". Theocritus. Cambridge University Press, 1950.
- ↑ Translated by Neil Hopkinson. "Idyll XXIX". Theocritus, Moschus, Bion. Harvard University Press, 2015. (web archive) The full lines containing the phrase are translated and annotated by Hopkinson as: "You should think of this and be pleasanter toward me, and love me as guilelessly as I love you, so that when you are a man(Lit. "when you have a manly cheek," i.e. a beard.) we may be friends to each other like Achilles and Patroclus.(Lit., "be Achillean friends to each other.")"
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Symonds, John Addington. A Problem in Greek Ethics. 1883.
- ↑ A. C. Hamilton. Spenser's Treatment of Myth. Published in ELH, Vol. 26, No. 3, The Johns Hopkins University Press, September, 1959. (web archive)
- ↑ "The Fairest Flowers". shakespeare.org.uk. (Archived on December 14, 2021).
- ↑ Archived Tumblr post announcing the achillean flag.
- ↑ DeviantArt post with the current achillean flag.